Ciência Rural
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://thoth.dti.ufv.br/handle/123456789/10366
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Morpho-agronomic and leaf anatomical traits in Coffeacanephora genotypes(Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2023) Silva, Larícia Olária Emerick; Schmidt, Raquel; Almeida, Rafael Nunes de; Feitoza, Rodrigo Barbosa Braga; Cunha, Maura da; Partelli, Fábio LuizGenetic variability is the basis for coffee genetic breeding. This study evaluated the potential of leaf anatomy and morpho-agronomic traits in studies of genetic variability in C. canephoracultivars. Ten genotypes were distributed in randomized block designs with three replicates. Significant differences among genotypes were detected by F-test (P < 0.05) for 13 of 15 evaluated traits. These results evidenced the heterogeneity of the studied cultivars, which is essential in composition of genetic basis in breeding programs. The Scott-Knott test detected variability among genotypes, grouped into up to four mean groups. Leaf anatomy traits presented the largest variations. Five out of seven leaf anatomy traits presented heritability higher than 80%, with emphasis on stomatal density (95.69%) and stomatal pore length (92.72%). Positive correlations were observed among morpho-agronomic and anatomic traits. Cluster analysis used the Mahalanobis general distance (D2) as a measure of genetic dissimilarity and divided the genotypes into two distinct groups. The inclusion of leaf anatomic traits to characterize C. canephoragenotypes may assist plant breeders with better genetic discrimination and with greater security in plant selection when composing cultivars.Item Morpho-agronomic and leaf anatomical traits in Coffeacanephora genotypes(Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2022-11-28) Silva, Larícia Olária Emerick; Schmidt, Raquel; Almeida, Rafael Nunes de; Feitoza, Rodrigo Barbosa Braga; Cunha, Maura da; Partelli, Fábio LuizGenetic variability is the basis for coffee genetic breeding. This study evaluated the potential of leaf anatomy and morpho-agronomic traits in studies of genetic variability in C. canephoracultivars. Ten genotypes were distributed in randomized block designs with three replicates. Significant differences among genotypes were detected by F-test (P < 0.05) for 13 of 15 evaluated traits. These results evidenced the heterogeneity of the studied cultivars, which is essential in composition of genetic basis in breeding programs. The Scott-Knott test detected variability among genotypes, grouped into up to four mean groups. Leaf anatomy traits presented the largest variations. Five out of seven leaf anatomy traits presented heritability higher than 80%, with emphasis on stomatal density (95.69%) and stomatal pore length (92.72%). Positive correlations were observed among morpho-agronomic and anatomic traits. Cluster analysis used the Mahalanobis general distance (D2) as a measure of genetic dissimilarity and divided the genotypes into two distinct groups. The inclusion of leaf anatomic traits to characterize C. canephoragenotypes may assist plant breeders with better genetic discrimination and with greater security in plant selection when composing cultivars.Item Different nitrogen levels on vegetative growth and yield of conilon coffee (Coffea canephora)(Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2022-05-11) Busato, Camilo; Reis, Edvaldo Fialho dos; Oliveira, Marcos Góes; Garcia, Giovanni de Oliveira; Busato, Cristiani Campos Martins; Partelli, Fábio LuizThe determination of nitrogen in plants by techniques that allow a fast diagnosis, based on plant growth characteristics, can be a useful tool for the nutritional management of coffee plants. Thus, this study evaluated growth and yield characteristics of irrigated conilon coffee in response to different nitrogen levels, resulting in the determination of the minimum N levels required to achieve the maximum yield, here called critical levels. The experiment was carried out in Colatina, Espirito Santo, Brazil, on plantations of conilon coffee, clonal variety Emcapa 8111, genotype 02. Six nitrogen levels were applied (0, 110, 220, 440, 880 and 1320 kg N ha-1) and the response in growth and yield characteristics periodically evaluated. There was a positive effect of the increasing N levels on yield, in that the N levels that provided 95% of the maximum yield (137.4 bags ha-1 and 108.5 bags ha-1) in the 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 growing seasons, respectively, were 420.7 and 543.1 kg N ha-1. There was also a positive effect of N levels on the growth characteristics and nitrogen contents, indicating their use as tools for a rapid nutritional diagnosis, with a view to optimizing the nitrogen management in Conilon coffee.Item Cold induced changes on sugar contents and respiratory enzyme activities in coffee genotypes(Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2010-04) Partelli, Fábio Luiz; Vieira, Henrique Duarte; Rodrigues, Ana Paula Dias; Pais, Isabel; Campostrini, Eliemar; Chaves, Maria Manuela Coelho Cabral; Ramalho, José CochichoThe present research aimed to characterize some biochemical responses of Coffea canephora (clones 02 and 153) and C. arabica (Catucaí IPR 102) genotypes subjected to low positive temperatures, helping to elucidate the mechanisms involved in cold tolerance. For that, one year old plants were subjected successively to 1) a temperature decrease (0.5oC a day) from 25/20oC to 13/8oC (acclimation period), 2) a three day chilling cycle (3x13/4oC) and to 3) a recovery period of 14 days (25/20oC). In Catucaí (less cold sensitive when compared to clone 02) there was an increased activity in the respiratory enzymes malate dehydrogenase and pyruvate kinase. Furthermore, Catucaí showed significant increases along the cold imposition and the higher absolute values after chilling exposure of the soluble sugars (sucrose, glucose, fructose, raffinose, arabinose and mannitol) that are frequently involved in osmoregulation and membrane stabilization/protection. The analysis of respiratory enzymes and of soluble sugar balance may give valuable information about the cold acclimation/ tolerance mechanisms, contributing to a correct selection and breeding of Coffea sp. genotypes.