Coffee Science - v.13, n.1, 2018
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://thoth.dti.ufv.br/handle/123456789/10542
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Item Artificial diet adjustments for brazilian strain of Hypothenemus hampei (FERRARI, 1867) (Coleoptera: curculionidae)(Editora UFLA, 2018-01) Giraldo-Jaramillo, Marisol; Parra, José Roberto PostaliA modified artificial diet based on the “Cenibroca diet” used in Colombia for mass rearing of Hypothenemus hampei, was compared with the natural diet presently used to rear this insect. The modified diet was cheaper than Portilla’s diet and did not affect insect fitness, developmental time, viability or sex ratio.Item Plant sampling grid determination in precision agriculture in coffee field(Editora UFLA, 2018-01) Ferraz, Gabriel Araújo e Silva; Oliveira, Marcelo Silva de; Silva, Fábio Moreira da; Sales, Ronan Souza; Carvalho, Luis Carlos CiriloThe aim of the present study was to evaluate different grid samples applied to plant properties of a coffee plantation by using precision coffee growing and geostatistical techniques. The study was performed at the Brejão Farm in the municipality of Três Pontas, MG, Brazil, using productivity, the maturation index and the detachment force difference, sampled at georeferenced points. With the intention of choosing an optimum grid, 20 grid samples were tested through semivariogram fitting and validation tests seeking to combine the accuracy and precision that the grid sample can present through an optimal grid indicator, allowing choosing a more suitable grid. It was possible to characterize the magnitude of the spatial variability of plant properties under study in all the proposed grids. The grid that best represented the three variables under study was the grid with 64 sample points in squared grid and nine zoom grid points. The proposed methodology for the present study allowed observing the difference among different grid samples and among the variables of plant productivity, maturity index and detachment force.Item Kasugamycin influence on bacterial blight of coffee and on green coffee beans physicochemical quality(Editora UFLA, 2018-01) Barbosa, Ronei Aparecido; Santini, Paula Tristão; Guilherme, Luiz Roberto GuimarãesBrazil stands out as the world’s largest coffee exporter. However, in the cold and windy regions, such as the southern of Minas Gerais, have been undergoing attack of diseases, including the bacterial blight of coffee caused by the bacterium Pseudomonas syringae pv. garcae, which despite not having the same importance as the coffee leaf rust, is causing damages and losses to the coffee plantation. The control is mainly done through preventive measures such as installation of windbreaks. When bacterial blight of coffee is already installed, the chemical control is used with syrups of copper-based products and antibiotics. The aim of the present study was to verify the efficiency of the antibiotic kasugamycin associated with copper hydroxide in the control of bacterial blight of coffee and raw coffee beans quality. The experimental design was a randomized block with five treatments, four replicates and plots of 10 plants in the field where the treatments consisted of different concentrations of the kasugamycin: 0.0, 250, 500, 750 and 1000 mL ha-1 added with 1.0 L copper hydroxide. The percent analysis was performed on the raw beans in order to verify their physical and chemical quality. The obtained results demonstrate that the solution is efficient in the control of bacterial blight of coffee as well as in the improvement of vegetative vigor and production, but does not influence the quality of raw coffee bean.Item Development and production of fertigated coffee vicente, trees in the west region of Bahia, Brazil(Editora UFLA, 2018-01) Vicente, Marcelo Rossi; Mantovani, Everardo Chartuni; Fernandes, André Luís Teixeira; Neves, Julio Cesar Lima; Dias, Santos Henrique Brant; Figueredo, Edmilson MarquesThe aim in the present study was to evaluate the effects of different split fertigation and doses on the development and production of drip irrigated coffee in the western region of the state of Bahia, Brazil. The study was performed at the Café do Rio Branco Farm, in Barreiras, BA, Brazil, in adult coffee trees aged approximately 3.5 years from the variety Catuaí IAC 144. A 3 x 3 factorial design was adopted, with three levels of nitrogen and potassium fertilization (900/800, 600/500 and 300/250 kg ha-1 year-1 N and K2O) in three monthly split fertigation (two, four and eight times). Stem and crown growth, productivity, yield and sieve were evaluated. The doses of 600/500 and 900/800 kg ha-1 year-1 N/K2O and the splits in two and eight times provided the highest productivities of coffee. A higher split fertigation was observed on the effect of N and K2O doses in coffee development variables (crown diameter and plant height). There was no effect of split fertigation and doses in the classification by sieves of coffee beans.Item Alternative substrates in different containers for production of conilon coffee seedlings(Editora UFLA, 2018-01) Jaeggi, Mário Euclides Pechara da Costa; Saluci, Julio Cesar Gradice; Rodrigues, Rogério Rangel; Gravina, Geraldo de Amaral; Lima, Wallace Luis deDifferent substrates and containers influence the production of coffee seedlings, which can reduce production costs, both with alternative substrates and with containers of smaller volumes of substrates. The aim the present study was to evaluate the viability of alternative substrates in different containers for production of Conilon coffee (Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehner) seedlings in the nursery of the Federal Institute of Espírito Santo - Campus of Alegre, ES, Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with three replications, in split-plot with three plots and four subplots. The plots consisted of three containers (120 cm3 tube, 280 cm3 tube and 615 cm3 bag), and the subplots of four substrates (S1 - Conventional, S2 - Legume compost, S3 - Grass compost, S4 - Vermicompost). At 165 days after sowing, the evaluated variables were shoot and root dry mass, number of leaves, shoot height, leaf area, Dickson quality index, shoot/root ratio, root length, nitrogen and total crude protein. The alternative substrates (Legume compost, Grass compost and Vermicompost) were efficient for production of Conilon coffee seedlings and can replace the conventional substrate at this development stage, providing good quality seedlings. The major developments were observed in the containers with the highest volume (280 cm3 tube and 615 cm3 bag) and reflected directly on the quality of seedlings.Item Characterization of the coffee fruit detachment force in crop subjected to mechanized harvesting(Editora UFLA, 2018-01) Ferreira Júnior, Luiz de Gonzaga; Silva, Fábio Moreira da; Ferreira, Danton Diego; Simão, Sérgio Domingos; Souza, Gabrielly Carvalho de; Ferreira, Lucas KempsIn order to adjust the coffee harvester and to assist in deciding either whether or not to make a second pass of the harvester, fully or selectively, it is necessary to know some crop parameters. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the coffee fruit detachment force in the green and cherry ripeness, under different plant positions and in four evaluation periods, throughout the harvest period between the first and second pass of harvester. The cultivar used was the Catuaí Amarelo IAC 144 aged eight years in spacing 3.8 x 0.9 m. Detachment force was determined by sampling using a portable digital dynamometer. The green ripeness stage showed superior detachment force than the cherry for all evaluation periods. The fruit detachment force for the green and cherry ripeness showed a decreasing behavior during the evaluation period, since the difference between the detachment forces of these fruits increased, thus guiding the type of harvest to be performed. Beyond the fruit detachment force difference, other parameters such as fruit ripening rate and crop load were essential for harvest management. Significant variations were identified in the fruit detachment force positioned in different parts of the coffee tree branches. The results also reinforce the relevance of characterizing the coffee fruit detachment force for harvester adjustments and management of the selective mechanized harvesting.Item Sensory analysis and chemical composition of ‘bourbon’ coffees cultivated in different environments(Editora UFLA, 2018-01) Figueiredo, Luisa Pereira; Borém, Flávio Meira; Ribeiro, Fabiana Carmanini; Giomo, Gerson Silva; Malta, Marcelo Ribeiro; Taveira, José Henrique da SilvaGiven the growing participation and appreciation of specialty coffees in the international market, coupled to the intrinsic quality of cultivar Bourbon for the production of differentiated coffees and the environmental diversity of Brazil, this study was conducted, with the objective to evaluate how the interaction between ‘Bourbon’ genotypes and different environments affect the sensory quality of coffees, besides relating the chemical composition (trigoneline, 5-CQA and caffeine) of beans with their sensory profile. Four Arabica coffee genotypes were evaluated: one of them is widely grown in Brazil (Mundo Novo) and three belong to the group of cultivar Bourbon. The genotypes were evaluated in a field experiment, in Lavras, MG; Santo Antônio do Amparo, MG and São Sebastião da Grama, SP. Thelatter was the most promising environment for the production of specialty coffees. Genotypes Yellow Bourbon IAC J9 and Yellow Bourbon/SSP were the most suitable for the production of specialty coffees. Regardless of culture environment, the genotype Yellow Bourbon/CM is not suitable for the production of specialty coffees. Caffeine content enabled coffee differentiation regarding beverage quality. Coffees with superior quality have lower caffeine contents. The content of 5-CQAallowed to differentiate environments.Item Performance of a special tractor as a function of ballasting and front-wheel drive in coffee harvesting(Editora UFLA, 2018-01) Tavares, Tiago de Oliveira; Borba, Matheus Anaan de Paula; Gallo, Luís Alexandre Michelli; Gírio, Lucas Augusto da Silva; Paixão, Carla Segatto Strini; Silva, Rouverson Pereira daOne of the main concerns before agricultural mechanization is the fuel cost from an economic and environmental point of view. In some literature, it has been demonstrated that the adequacy of tractors is directly related to consumption, which may become a strategy to reduce it. However, the studies were performed with conventional tractors, without information on how the special coffee tractors behave to the adequacy. In this respect, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the hourly fuel consumption in six possible adjustments of a special tractor in the operation of mechanized coffee harvesting. A 4x2 FWD tractor was used, with 52.2 kW power and 2400 kg mass, with 40% to the front axle and 60% to the rear to pull a Master Café 2 coffee harvester with 2900 kg mass without load. The treatments consisted of three ballast configurations in the tractor whether or not using auxiliary front-wheel drive (FWD). The adopted mass-power ratios were: 48, 52 and 56 kg kW-1 ; obtained through the quantitative alteration of liquid and solid ballasts of the tractor, respecting the mass distribution between the axles recommended by the tractor manufacturer. The evaluations consisted of monitoring fuel consumption at regular hourly intervals, following the premises of statistical process control. It is concluded that the mass-power ratio of 56 kg kW-1 with driven FWD should be used in order to obtain lower slipping, lower average hourly fuel consumption and higher quality.Item Characterization of coffee cultivars leaf rust-resistant subjected to framework pruning(Editora UFLA, 2018-01) Reis, Estevam Antônio Chagas; Freitas, Tainah; Carvalho, Milene Alves de Figueiredo; Mendes, Antônio Nazareno Guimarães; Rezende, Tiago Teruel; Carvalho, João Paulo FelicoriThe goal of our work was to evaluate physiological and agronomic traits, as well as the relationship between these traits in coffee cultivars coming from a germplasm supposedly resistant to leaf rust, and their response to framework pruning. The experiment was conducted at the Federal University of Lavras in randomized blocks with three replicates, with spacing of 3.5 x 0.7 m and plots of 12 plants. An amount of 25 coffee cultivars was evaluated, from which 23 were considered resistant and two susceptible to leaf rust. Traits analyzed were the plagiotropic branch length and number of nodes, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, water use efficiency, fluorescence and chlorophyll index, leaf area index, leaf rust incidence and yield. Catucaí Amarelo 20/15 cv 479, Araponga MG1 and Tupi IAC 1669-33 cultivars show highly responsive to framework pruning. These cultivars have high yield associated to high net photosynthetic rate, water use efficiency and low transpiration rate. Moreover, the last two cultivars show a low incidence of leaf rust. The Acauã cultivar has a good response to framework pruning, showing high yield associated to lower incidence of leaf rust. Catucaí Vermelho 785/15 cultivar is not responsive to framework pruning because show lower yield, high incidence of leaf rust, low vegetative growth and low water use efficiency.Item Different volumes of tubes for clonal propagation of Coffea canephora from seedlings(Editora UFLA, 2018-01) Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Balbino, Tony José; Jaraceski, Rutinéia; Teixeira, Alexsandro Lara; Dias, Jairo Rafael Machado; Teixeira, Richelly Gisela PasqualottoThe aim in the present study was to evaluate the growth of Coffea canephora cv. ‘Conilon BRS Ouro Preto’ seedlings in different tube volumes. The experiment was performed at Embrapa Rondônia plant nursery in Ouro Preto do Oeste, Rondônia, Brazil, from July to November 2013. The treatments consisted of five tube volumes (50, 100, 170, 280 and 400 cm 3) plus one control composed by polyethylene bags (11 cm width x 20 cm height) with capacity of 770 cm 3 . The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with 15 replicates, formed by 15 clones that compose the Conilon ‘BRS Ouro Preto’ cultivar. The tube volume of 280 cm 3 provide the best vegetative performance of seedlings, similarly to volume of 400 cm 3 , thus, the use of larger tubes would not justify. Tubes of 50, 100 and 170 cm 3 produce seedlings with physiological quality similar to the control until 130 days after staking, but may limit the development of seedlings in a longer period.