Biblioteca do Café
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://thoth.dti.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1
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Item Quality of natural coffee dried under different temperatures and drying rates(Editora UFLA, 2018-04) Borém, Flávio Meira; Isquierdo, Eder Pedroza; Alves, Guilherme Euripedes; Ribeiro, Diego Egídio; Siqueira, Valdiney Cambuy; Taveira, Jose Henrique da SilvaThe final quality of coffees depends on the preservation of the cell membranes of the coffee beans, which can be damaged during the drying. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the immediate and latent effects of the air temperature and drying rate on the sensorial quality of natural coffees, as well as its relationship with the chemical e physiological characteristics of the coffee beans. Mature fruits of arabica coffee were harvested and sundried to moisture content of approximately 35% (wb) and then moved into a mechanical drier under different conditions of drying. This process involved the combination of three dry bulb temperatures – DBT (35°C, 40°C, and 45°C) and two dew point temperatures – DPT (2.6°C and 16.2°C). Thus, the relative humidity of the air used for drying was a dependent variable of DTB and DPT, and as consequences, different drying rates were achieved for each DBT. The increase in the drying rate for the temperatures 35°C and 40°C has a negative effect on the final quality of natural coffee beans. However, for the temperature of 45°C, the effects of the drying rate on the coffee beans are overlaid by the thermal damages that are caused at this level of heating. Higher sensory scores for coffee are linked to lower values of electrical conductivity and potassium leaching of the exudate of the coffee beans, as well as lower values of fatty acids. It is emphasized that while the temperature of 35o C is recommended for the production of specialty coffees the temperature of 45o C is not.Item Quality of natural coffee subjected to different rest periods during the drying process(Editora UFLA, 2012-07) Isquierdo, Eder Pedroza; Borém, Flávio Meira; Oliveira, Pedro Damasceno de; Siqueira, Valdiney Cambuy; Alves, Guilherme EuripedesRest periods during the coffee drying process may help improve the final coffee quality and reduce power consumption. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the moisture content of coffee fruit at the point when the drying process is temporarily interrupted on the quality of natural coffee using sensory analysis and electrical conductivity and potassium leaching tests. Ripe coffee fruits were manually and selectively harvested, sun-dried in a concrete yard for two days and subjected to mechanical drying in fixed-bed dryers. When the coffee reached moisture contents of 20%, 17% and 14% (wet basis, wb), the drying process was interrupted, and the coffee was allowed to remain at rest for 5, 15 or 30 days. Following this rest period, the coffee was dried in mechanical dryers until reaching a moisture content of 11% (wb). The control condition was complete drying in the yard. The combination of lowest moisture content with greatest period of rest and the combination of greatest moisture content and shortest period of rest resulted in the lowest values of potassium leaching. The beverage quality gradually improved as the duration of the rest period increased. Coffee subjected to a rest period at moisture contents of 17% and 20% (wb) did not alter the quality compared to that from drying in the yard.Item Caracterização da enzima superóxido dismutase em cafés naturais, produzidos em diferentes altitudes(Embrapa Café, 2015) Tosta, Murilo Ferraz; Rosa, Sttela Dellyzete Veiga Franco da; Macedo, Diego Domingues; Ribeiro, Diego Egídio; Alves, Guilherme Euripedes; Luz, Marcos Paulo Santos; Guiraldeli, Carlos Henrique Cardeal; Silva, Ana Claudia Almeida da; Borém, Flávio MeiraO cenário da cafeicultura brasileira está em constante diferenciação, a qual indica que a comercialização do café busca o segmento dos cafés especiais. O crescimento desse setor deve-se à busca do consumidor por produtos de melhor qualidade. Para isso, é importante o conhecimento dos fatores determinantes da qualidade, que são os genéticos, os ambientais e os tecnológicos envolvidos nos processos de produção. Diante disso, este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos do genótipo e da altitude, na atividade da enzima superóxido dismutase (SOD). Foram coletadas amostras de café (Coffea arabica L.), ao longo de três safras agrícolas (2009/10, 2010/11 e 2011/12), em lavouras comerciais localizadas no município de Carmo de Minas - MG, Brasil. O delineamento experimental foi baseado no estudo da interação entre variáveis ambientais e genéticas. O ambiente foi estratificado em três classes de altitude (< 1.000 m, entre 1.000 a 1.200 m e >1.200 m). Foram coletados frutos de dois genótipos, Bourbon Amarelo (frutos amarelos) e Acaiá (frutos vermelhos). Os cafés foram colhidos, processados, secos, armazenados e feitas às análises bioquímicas. Todos os procedimentos foram realizados de acordo com técnicas específicas estabelecidas. Conclui-se que a enzima SOD é um marcador pouco preciso da qualidade do café natural. Por meio das imagens, observa que de maneira geral, a atividade da enzima SOD foi maior no genótipo Acaiá, para as três faixas de altitudes.