Biblioteca do Café
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://thoth.dti.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Grain yield of coffee plants fertilized with different doses of 20-00-20 NPK formulation under rainfed conditions(Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, 2021-07-12) Torres, Josemar Dávila; Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Araújo, Larissa Fatarelli Bento De; Marcolan, Alaerto Luiz; Rocha, Rodrigo BarrosLittle is known about the management of high-yield clonal Coffea canephora in the Amazonian Region, mainly for nutritional aspects and cultivation system efficiency. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of different nitrogen and potassium fertilization rates on coffee grain yield and fertilizer use efficiency of C. canephora trees. An experiment was performed at an experimental field of the Embrapa Rondônia in Porto Velho (RO), Brazil. It was carried out in a split-plot scheme with six doses of 20-00-20 NPK formulation (0; 250; 500; 1,000; 2,000; and 3,000 kg ha-1) and three years of evaluation (2014, 2015, and 2016). An interaction between fertilizer dose and crop year was observed. Fertilizer doses showed an exponential behavior, with maximum yields of 51, 114, and 79 bags ha-1 at 3,000 kg ha-1 in the crop years of 2014, 2015, and 2016, respectively. Such a behavior impacted average and accumulated yields in the three harvest seasons. As for crop year effect within each fertilizer dose, the highest yield was reached in the second harvest after pruning for renewal of orthotropic stems. Moreover, fertilizer use efficiency by plants decreased exponentially, with the highest value at the lowest dose. Increasing doses of 20-00-20 formulation promoted an exponential increase in grain yield but decreased its use efficiency by C. canephora plants. This management also stimulated a strong biannual production.Item Evaluation of a prototype of soil thermal solarizer for control of gall nematode in the production of coffee seedlings(Universidade Federal de Lavras, 2023-02-23) Uchôa, Francisco Paiva; Vieira Junior, José Roberto; Fernandes, Cléberson de Freitas; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Espíndula, Marcelo Curitiba; Rudnick, Vaneide Araújo de Sousa; Silva, Dvany Mamedes da; Freire, Tamiris Chaves; Sangi, Simone Carvalho; Mariobo, Solange Aparecida RodriguesIn coffee crops at Rondônia State of Brazil, there is an increase in phytonematode epidemics.Since most local coffe nurseries at Rondônia use soil as substrate for seedling production, this work aimed to test the minimum exposure time at 60 ºC to control of root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne incognita in soil by means of solar heating, using a solarizer, in an adapted version for better heating perfomance. The used solarizer prototype was built of a wooden box covered with metal sheets, thermal blankets, painted black, with aluminum pipes of 0.5 cm in diameter at the bottom of the box that circulates the water heated by the collector box. The soil was inoculated with a suspension of 1000 eggs + J2 of M. incognita per liter and placed in equipment with a capacity of 150 liters. Exposure times at a minimum temperature of 60 °C were evaluated, with 14 treatments: C1 (non-inoculated and not autoclaved), C2 (inoculated), C3 (non-inoculated and autoclaved) T0’, T15’, T30’, T45’, T60’, T180’, T360’, T720’, T1440’, T2880’ and T4320’ . The temperature was measured every 15 minutes using a skewer-type digital thermometer. The soil was removed according to the exposure time, and placed in 8-liter pots, in which clone 125 and BRS 2357 coffee seedlings, susceptible to M. incognita , were transplanted and growing in a greenhouse for 180 days. The experimental design used was DIC, with 6 replications, each seedling as na experimental unit. Reproduction factor (FR), number of eggs per plant (NOGR) and number of galls per gram of root (NGGR) were evaluated. The FR, NOGR and NGGR variables reduced with exposure time. All treatments showed an effect to control the population of M. incognita in infected soils, with 100% efficacy of pathogen eradication from the T45’ treatment, 60 minutes of exposure is recommended for the production of Coffea canephora seedlings. Taken together, thir work showed the high potential of thr solorizer to contribute in the root-knot nematode control to seedling production.Item New model of clonal garden for the production of robusta coffee plantlets(Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Embrapa, 2022-09-12) Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Araújo, Larissa Fatarelli Bento de; Diocleciano, João Maria; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Dias, Jairo Rafael Machado; Verdin Filho, Abraão CarlosThe objective of this work was to evaluate the production of cuttings of Coffea canephora genotypes, in a new system for training mother plants called “vertical clonal garden”. The proposed new system consists of training coffee plants with only one shoot and without bending the main shoot, so that the secondary orthotropic shoots, from which the clonal cuttings will be taken, are formed across the length of the stem in the vertical direction. The capacity for the production of cuttings of ten hybrid genotypes of coffee plants was evaluated over ten production cycles. The 'BRS 2314', 'BRS 3213', and 'BRS 3210' genotypes showed cutting production per cut of 425,000 cuttings per hectare, considered above the obtained average. The 'BRS 3193', 'BRS 2336', 'BRS 3220', and 'BRS 3137' genotypes were the least productive. Coffee plants trained in the “vertical clonal garden” system can produce about 425,000 cuttings per hectare per harvest period or about 1.275 million cuttings per hectare per year, over three harvest periods, with a greater ease in crop management and treatments.Item Yield of robusta coffee in different spatial arrangements(Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Embrapa, 2021-12-10) Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Tavella, Leonardo Barreto; Schmidt, Raquel; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Dias, Jairo Rafael Machado; Bravin, Maísa Pinto; Partelli, Fábio LuizThe objective of this work was to determine the contribution of the number of stems to the composition of individual plant yield, and to individual and overall robusta coffee (Coffea canephora) yield at different planting densities, using a fixed number of stems per plant. The experiment was carried out in two phases. The first phase was performed from 2011 to 2015, in the municipality of Ouro Preto do Oeste, in the state of Rondônia (RO), Brazil, to evaluate different numbers of stems per plant (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6). The second phase was conducted from 2013 to 2018, in the municipality of Alta Floresta D’Oeste, RO, to evaluate plant densities (at 1,666, 1,904, 2,222, 2,666, and 3,333 plants ha-1), with an initial density of four stems per plant in all treatments. The increase of number of stems per plant promotes a quadratic response to the average and cumulated yield of coffee plants, and the maximum yield is attained with four stems per plant. The number of stems should not exceed four, to avoid their tipping during years of high production. Plant density of 3,333 plants per hectare, with 4 stems per plant and 1 m spacing, promotes the reduction of individual plant yield; however, it results in higher overall crop yield.Item With different doses of 20-00-20 NPK formulation under rainfed conditions(Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, 2021) Torres, Josemar Dávila; Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Araújo, Larissa Fatarelli Bento de; Marcolan, Alaerto Luiz; Rocha, Rodrigo BarrosLittle is known about the management of high-yield clonal Coffea canephora in the Amazonian Region, mainly for nutritional aspects and cultivation system efficiency. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of different nitrogen and potassium fertilization rates on coffee grain yield and fertilizer use efficiency of C. canephora trees. An experiment was performed at an experimental field of the Embrapa Rondônia in Porto Velho (RO), Brazil. It was carried out in a split-plot scheme with six doses of 20-00-20 NPK formulation (0; 250; 500; 1,000; 2,000; and 3,000 kg ha-1) and three years of evaluation (2014, 2015, and 2016). An interaction between fertilizer dose and crop year was observed. Fertilizer doses showed an exponential behavior, with maximum yields of 51, 114, and 79 bags ha-1 at 3,000 kg ha-1 in the crop years of 2014, 2015, and 2016, respectively. Such a behavior impacted average and accumulated yields in the three harvest seasons. As for crop year effect within each fertilizer dose, the highest yield was reached in the second harvest after pruning for renewal of orthotropic stems. Moreover, fertilizer use efficiency by plants decreased exponentially, with the highest value at the lowest dose. Increasing doses of 20-00-20 formulation promoted an exponential increase in grain yield but decreased its use efficiency by C. canephora plants. This management also stimulated a strong biannual production.Item Amazonian Robustas - new Coffea canephora coffee cultivars for the Western Brazilian Amazon(Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology, 2020) Teixeira, Alexsandro Lara; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Ramalho, André Rostand; Vieira Júnior, José Roberto; Alves, Enrique Anastácio; Lunz, Aureny Maria Pereira; Souza, Flávio de França; Costa, José Nilton Medeiros; Fernandes, Cleberson de FreitasAmazonian Robustas are ten new clones of high yield potential with characteristics typical of the botanical varieties conilon and robusta. With individual registration, the new cultivars were developed to be grown together with other clones, with flexibility of composition of the crops according to the preference of the producer.Item Robustas amazônicos: novas cultivares híbridas de café canéfora para a Amazônia Ocidental(Embrapa Café, 2019-10) Teixeira, Alexsandro Lara; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Ramalho, André Rostand; Vieira Junior, José Roberto; Alves, Enrique Anastacio; Ferro, Gilvan de Oliveira; Diocleciano, João Maria; Moraes, Marcos Santana; Lourenço, João Luiz Resende; Teles, Crhistofer Fernandes RosaVisando oferecer novas opções para o cultivo e contribuir para aumento da variabilidade genética da cafeicultura na Amazônia Ocidental, a Embrapa Rondônia desenvolveu 10 novas cultivares com alto potencial produtivo e com características agronômicas típicas das variedades botânicas Conilon e Robusta. Esse trabalho é resultado de 16 anos de pesquisa, tendo sido iniciado no ano de 2003, a partir da hibridação controlada entre plantas matrizes das variedades Conilon e Robusta do Banco Ativo de Germoplasma da Embrapa. As novas cultivares foram desenvolvidas a partir de cruzamentos entre plantas das variedades botânicas Conilon e Robusta. Os cruzamentos foram realizados no ano de 2003 no campo experimental de Embrapa Rondônia, utilizando matrizes da variedade botânica Robusta (Robustas 2258, 1675, 640) e matriz da variedade botânica Conilon (Encapa 03). No período de 2003 a 2010 essas plantas foram avaliadas em ensaios no município de Ouro Preto do Oeste, e selecionadas para serem avaliadas em diferentes ambientes juntamente com clones provenientes de polinização aberta. As cultivares de polinização aberta BRS 2299 e BRS 2357 foram selecionadas da Cultivar Conilon - BRS Ouro Preto, desenvolvida pela Embrapa no ano de 2013. No período de 2011 a 2018, os genótipos selecionados foram avaliados nos ambientes de Porto Velho, Alta Floresta do Oeste, Ouro Preto do Oeste e Ariquemes no estado de Rondônia e Rio Branco, no estado do Acre. Dos quatro ambientes avaliados, o experimento de Alta Floresta D’Oeste foi o que apresentou melhores condições ambientais para expressão do potencial genético das cultivares. Neste ambiente, a média geral das cultivares, nos três anos de avaliação foi de 93 sacas por hectare, com destaque para as cultivares BRS 1216, BRS 3210 e BRS 2336 que produziram mais de 100 sacas na média dos três anos.Item Robustas amazônicos I: sinopse da evolução progressiva da qualidade de bebida na cafeicultura rondoniense(Embrapa Café, 2019-10) Ramalho, André Rostand; Alves, Enrique Anastácio; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Teixeira, Alexsandro Lara; Vieira Júnior, José Roberto; Espíndula, Marcelo Curitiba; Silva, Renata Kelly daApós quase 50 anos da introdução do cafeeiro arábica (Coffea arabica L.) e do processo oficial da colonização agrária do Território Federal de Rondônia, a nova cafeicultura estadual, baseada atualmente no cultivo da espécie Coffea canephora Pierre (variedades botânicas Robusta (grupo Congolês SG2) e Conilon), está historicamente passando pelo seu melhor momento técnico, econômico e imagem positiva junto à comunidade nacional. Após décadas de riscos, incertezas e desapontamentos dos cafeicultores rondonienses. O principal objetivo por meio deste trabalho foi sinopticamente apresentar e analisar algumas tendências evolutivas em termos agrotecnológicos da cafeicultura de Rondônia com crescente valoração dos ativos genéticos (clones híbridos de Robusta e Conilon), tanto os selecionados pela pesquisa, quanto os de origem genética desconhecida ou “crioulos”, selecionados pelos agricultores e viveiristas em lavouras comerciais de café. Os marcos técnicos evolutivos (progressivos e regressivos) destes recentes processos de mudanças tecnológicas em Rondônia não estão registrados e disponibilizados para o conhecimento das gerações futuras do agronegócio café. A qualidade extrínseca e intrínseca do café é critério primordial para precificar o produto no mercado nacional e internacional. Cafés mais valorados são aqueles de melhor qualidade de bebida. Com o incremento da demanda mundial por cafés especiais, janelas de oportunidades estão surgindo para os cafés Robustas e Conilons brasileiro. Os resultados gerados nos projetos de melhoramento genético das populações de Robustas subsidiaram a solicitação de registro da marca Robusta Amazônico pela Embrapa Rondônia, no Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Intelectual (INPI). Simultaneamente, está contribuindo com a Rede Nacional de Inovação e Produtividade (RENAPI), vinculado à Agência Brasileira de Desenvolvimento Industrial (ABDI) quanto a solicitação de reconhecimento pelo INPI, para Indicação Geográfica (IG) da principal região rondoniense produtora de cafés Robustas Amazônicos Finos. A denominação comercial provável será baseada no terroir “Matas de Rondônia”.Item Progresso genético da produtividade de café beneficiado com a seleção de clones de cafeeiro ‘Conilon’(Universidade Federal do Ceará, 2016-07) Ramalho, André Rostand; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Souza, Flávio França; Veneziano, Wilson; Teixeira, Alexsandro LaraA espécie Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehner possui ampla distribuição geográfica, com ocorrência em regiões tropicais de diversos continentes. Aproximadamente 30% da produção brasileira de café é proveniente do cultivo dessa espécie, sendo que o Estado de Rondônia se destaca como seu segundo maior produtor. Este trabalho teve como objetivo estimar os parâmetros genéticos com a seleção de clones de C. canephora, da variedade botânica ́Conilon’, visando caracterizar a variabilidade genética e estimar o progresso genético da produtividade de café beneficiado. A análise de variância da produção de café beneficiado evidenciou que a fonte de variação “clones” foi significativa nas safras avaliadas, de acordo com o teste F a 1% de significância. A predominância do componente genético na expressão dessa característica, associado a uma boa precisão experimental, indica a possibilidade de obtenção de ganhos com a seleção de plantas. O progresso genético da produção de café beneficiado com o plantio dos clones selecionados foi de 57,85%, que equivale a um aumento na média em quatro anos de 44,75 sacas ha -1 , para 70,64 sacas ha -1 . Além do incremento na produtividade de grãos, os clones de ciclo intermediário selecionados favorecem a concentração da colheita e a redução dos custos operacionais.Item Selection of Coffea canephora parents from the botanical varieties Conilon and Robusta for the production of intervarietal hybrids(Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2018-04) Oliveira, Leilane Nicolino Lamarão de; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Ferreira, Fábio Medeiros; Spinelli, Victor Mouzinho; Ramalho, André Rostand; Teixeira, Alexsandro LaraThe objective of this research was to quantify the genetic divergence of potential Coffea canephora parents, with the goal of developing progenies that associate the best traits of the Conilon and Robusta botanical varieties for hybrid vigor expression. Thus, 10 morphological and productive characteristics of 130 clones of Conilon and Robusta botanical varieties and their intervarietal hybrids were evaluated over 2 years. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with four replicates of four plants per plot. For selection of parents, the main component analysis was used to associate values with reference points obtained from the average of each botanical variety. The first two principal components allowed for the separation of the botanical varieties representing the variability contained in the original data with 76% for the first year and 69% for the second year. Although, the genotype × years interaction had significant effects, there were minor differences in the grouping from one year to the next, which is associated with the higher repeatability estimates observed in this study. It was observed that crosses with the 16-1-81 I , 9-1-82 L , and 13-1-61 I parents of the botanical variety Robusta and the 167 I , 890 E , and 130 I parents of the Conilon botanical variety presented greater potential for obtaining selection gains.