Biblioteca do Café
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://thoth.dti.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1
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Item Assessment of leaf anatomic and physiological characteristics and genetic divergence among Coffea arabica L. cultivars in the Brazilian Savanna(Escola de Agronomia - UFG, 2022-01-16) Santos, Cyntia Stephânia dos; Pereira, Fernanda Aparecida Castro; Mauri, Janaína; Viana, Mariana Thereza Rodrigues; Rodrigues, Gustavo Costa; Veiga, Adriano Delly; Bartholo, Gabriel Ferreira; Carvalho, Milene Alves de FigueiredoThe knowledge on cultivars is essential for parental choosing on breeding programs. This research aimed to study the genetic divergence of Coffea arabica L. cultivars from a germoplasm bank of the Embrapa Cerrados, Brazil, for leaf anatomic and physiological characteristics. A total of 23 cultivars were evaluated: Acaiá Cerrado MG1474, Araponga MG1, Catiguá MG1, Catiguá MG2, Catiguá MG3, Catiguá MG3 P4, Catiguá MG3 P5, Catiguá MG3 P7, Catiguá MG3 P9, Catiguá MG3 P23, Catiguá MG3 P51, Catuaí Amarelo IAC 62, Catuaí Vermelho IAC 15, Catuaí Vermelho IAC 81, Catuaí Vermelho IAC 99, Caturra Vermelho MG0187, Guatenano Colis MG0207, Mundo Novo IAC 379-19, Paraíso MG1, Pau Brasil MG1, Sacramento MG1, San Ramon MG0198 and Topázio MG1190. In addition to the genetic divergence, the broad sense heritability and coefficient of genetic and environmental variation were also evaluated. All characteristics showed high coefficients of genetic variation and heritability values greater than 70 %, indicating a predominance of genetic over environmental factors, and that these are characteristics likely to obtain genetic gain. Catiguá MG1, Catiguá MG3 P51 and Topázio MG1190 stood out, with superior gas exchange characteristics. Attributes related to gas exchange were important for cultivar differentiation, demonstrating that they can be used in the early selection of Coffea arabica L. genotypes.Item Desempenho agronômico de cultivares de Coffea arabica L. após o “Esqueletamento/Safra Zero”(Universidade Federal de Lavras, 2020-02-13) Domingues, Cleiton Gonçalves; Botelho, Cesar Elias; Carvalho, Gladyston RodriguesA utilização de cultivares resistentes a doenças tem sido importante no controle das mesmas, pois os danos causados pelas doenças podem trazer perdas significativas à cultura, reduzindo a produtividade, devido ao depauperamento acentuado nas plantas. No manejo da lavoura cafeeira, tem-se utilizado a poda do tipo esqueletamento para renovação de lavouras, com a eliminação de partes improdutivas das plantas, favorecendo altas produtividades. A adoção do sistema “Safra Zero” passou a ser adotado a fim de manter o porte da lavoura e eliminar as colheitas em ano de safra baixa, preconizando ciclos de poda após anos de safra alta. Com isso, objetivou-se neste trabalho, identificar cultivares de café arábica mais produtivas e responsivas à poda tipo esqueletamento. Foi instalado um experimento na área experimental do Departamento de Agricultura, Setor de Cafeicultura da Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), no mês de dezembro de 2005. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos ao acaso, com 25 cultivares de Coffea arabica L., 23 com graus de resistência à ferrugem e duas testemunhas comerciais suscetíveis (Topázio MG 1190 e Catuaí Vermelho IAC 144) com três repetições, no espaçamento de 3,5 x 0,7m e parcelas de 12 plantas. Em 2014, realizou-se o primeiro ciclo da poda do tipo esqueletamento, e o segundo ciclo foi realizado em agosto de 2016. Em 2018 foram avaliadas a produtividade, porcentagem de frutos chochos, porcentagem de frutos maduros, verdes e secos, vigor vegetativo, incidência de ferrugem e cercosporiose. Os dados obtidos foram analisados por meio do programa Genes, realizando a análise de variância à 5% de significância pelo teste F, e para o agrupamento das médias foi utilizado o teste de Scott-Knott. A cultivar Catucaí Amarelo 20/15 cv 479 é indicada para o sistema convencional e para o sistema “Safra Zero” por apresentar alta produtividade, e boa maturação dos frutos, contudo, é necessário o controle de doenças. As cultivares Palma II, Pau Brasil MG 1 e IPR 103 são altamente produtivas e apresentam recuperação após a poda do tipo esqueletamento. Destaque para a Palma II, que apresentou resistência à ferrugem e intermediário para cercosporiose, sendo a mais indicada para plantios em regiões de montanha.Item Agronomic, anatomic and physiological characterization of Coffea arabica L. genotypes on irrigated system in the Central Cerrado(Universidade Federal de Lavras, 2022-12-29) Santos, Cyntia Stephânia dos; Matos, Nagla Maria Sampaio de; Rezende, Tiago Teruel; Mauri, Janaína; Rodrigues, Gustavo Costa; Veiga, Adriano Delly; Bartholo, Gabriel Ferreira; Carvalho, Milene Alves de FigueiredoDue to climatic conditions and the possibility of using machineries, coffee has a potential to achieve high yields with reduced costs, in the biome of Cerrado. Leaf anatomy and physiology can help in the identification of more adapted cultivars to a given environmental condition. The objective is to verify the behavior of Coffea arabica L. genotypes in the Cerrado of the Brazilian Central Plateau through anatomical and physiological characterization and yield. Ten coffee genotypes from the Active Germplasm Bank located in the municipality of Planaltina, Distrito Federal, were evaluated. The genotypes evaluated were: Araponga MG1, Catiguá MG2, Catiguá MG3 P23, Catiguá MG3 P7, Catiguá MG3 P51, Catiguá MG3 P, Catuaí Amarelo IAC 62, Catuaí Vermelho IAC 15, Paraíso MG1 and Topázio MG 1190. The phenotypic characteristics evaluated were the thickness of: adaxial cuticle surface, adaxial and abaxial epidermis surfaces, the palisade and spongy parenchyma, the mesophyll layer, the phloem, number and diameter of the xylem vessels, stomatal density, relationship between the polar and equatorial diameter of the stoma, specific leaf area, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, net photosynthetic rate, water use efficiency, intercellular carbon concentration and yield. Genotypes of Coffea arabica L. presented a distinction between the characteristics evaluated when grown under climatic conditions of the Brazilian Central Plateau Cerrado, highlighting the variations in the behavior and distinguished adaptation in this environment. The Araponga MG1 genotype stood out for anatomical and physiological characteristics of higher values, such as net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular carbon concentration, abaxial and adaxial epidermis thickness, stomatal density and number of xylem vessels. The genotype Paraíso MG1 stands out for higher grain productivity. The genotype Catuaí Vermelho IAC 15 stands out for anatomical and physiological characteristics such as higher stomatal density, greater number of xylem vessels and greater efficiency in water use, resulting in improved productivity.Item Exposure To Climate Risk: A Case Study For Coffee Farming In The Region Of Alta Mogiana, São Paulo(Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 2022-10-21) Torres, Guilherme A. L.; Zezzo, Larissa V.; São José, Rafael V. de; Greco, Roberto; Coltri, Priscila P.Studies around the world show an increase in global average temperatures, with a consequent increase in extreme events and changes in the distribution of precipitation, causing a decrease in agricultural production and changes in planting areas. This study analyzed the exposure to climate risk that the coffee crop in the region of Alta Mogiana/SP, Brazil has been presenting in the past thirty years (1991-2021). Time series of daily data of maximum and minimum temperature and precipitation were used. By the statistical tests we observed a trend of increase in maximum temperatures daily of approximately 1.4°C and minimum daily of 0.8°C in the municipalities of the region and a trend towards a decrease in precipitation of 0.9 mm daily, indicating greater exposure of the coffee crop in the region to climate risk and increased vulnerability for the coffee producer. In view of these analyses, a literature review was carried out, suggesting agroforestry systems and mechanical irrigation as the most promising strategies to manage climate risk in coffee plantations. In addition, drought-resistant cultivars, training courses for farmers, increased rural insurance, and nutritional control of the plants can also be considered efficient options for climate exposure in coffee plantations from Alta Mogiana.