Teses e Dissertações
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://thoth.dti.ufv.br/handle/123456789/2
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Environmental effects on microbiome: tropics and Antarctic(Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2021-05-06) Veloso, Tomás Gomes Reis; Kasuya, Maria Catarina Megumi; Santana, Mateus Ferreira; Reynaud Schaefer, Carlos Ernesto GonçalvesThe microorganisms play a key role in the in the main biogeochemical cycles, such as Carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, hydrogen and oxygen. In the rhizosphere and inside plant tissues, they can enhance plant growth, phytopathogen control, act as phytoregulators and increasing water and nutrient availability. These communities are directly affected by edaphoclimatic conditions. Thus, in the current scenario of climate change, the knowledge about the edaphic microbial diversity and the factors that shape it are essential to understand the potential of each soil, either for agricultural use or to understand the role of the soil face the climate change. There are many methods to study the microbial diversity, among them, the high-throughput DNA sequencing is the one of the most commonly used. This thesis is composed of three chapters where this technique was used to evaluate the diversity in each soil. The first title, entitled “Effects of environmental factors on microbiota of fruits and soil of Coffea arabica in Brazil” aimed to evaluate the effect of edaphic and topographic coditions in coffee crops on bacterial and fungal communities in soil and fruits. The second and third chapters addresses, respectively, the diversity of bacteria and fungi in soils recently exposed by deglaciation and ornithogenic soils. The microbial communities of fruits are affected mainly by tophographic factors (Altitude, facing slope and radiation), whereas microbial communities of soil, although also influenced by topographic factors, are strongly shaped by edaphic factors. Soils recently exposed by glacier retreat (young soils) displayed a greater variation in beta diversity than more developed soils. Lastly, the bacterial and fungal communities in the ornithogenic soils undergoes a substantial change after the abandonment by the penguins. Abandoned ornithogenic soils showed a greater predicted abundance of genes related to nitrification and sulfur metabolism. In short, both in tropical and antarctic soils, edaphoclimatic and temporal factors affect the structure of the microbial community. Keywords: Microbiota. Coffee. Ornithogenic soils. Glaciers. Next generation sequencing.