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Soil phosphorus dynamics and availability and irrigated coffee yield
(Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, 2011-03) Reis, Thiago Henrique Pereira; Guimarães, Paulo Tácito Gontijo; Furtini Neto, Antônio Eduardo; Guerra, Antônio Fernando; Curi, Nilton
Research data have demonstrated that the P demand of coffee (Coffea arabica L.) is similar to that of short-cycle crops. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of annual P fertilization on the soil P status by the quantification of labile, moderately labile, low-labile, and total P fractions, associating them to coffee yield. The experiment was installed in a typical dystrophic Red Latosol (Oxisol) cultivated with irrigated coffee annually fertilized with triple superphosphate at rates of 0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 kg ha -1 P2O5. Phosphorus fractions were determined in two soil layers: 0–10 and 10–20 cm. The P leaf contents and coffee yield in 2008 were also evaluated. The irrigated coffee responded to phosphate fertilization in the production phase with gains of up to 138 % in coffee yield by the application of 400 kg ha -1 P2O5. Coffee leaf P contents increased with P applications and stabilized around 1.98 g kg -1 , at rates of 270 kg ha -1 P2O5 and higher. Soil P application caused, in general, an increase in bioavailable P fractions, which constitute the main soil P reservoir.