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Item Efeito do bioativador de solo no desenvolvimento inicial do cafeeiro(Revista Brasileira de Agropecuária Sustentável, 2020-03-03) Souza, Eduardo Martins de; Franco Junior, Kleso Silva; Brigante, Giselle Prado; Brockelmann, Carlos Eduardo; Tavares, Renata Mendes; Dias, Márcio de Souza; Marques, Douglas José; Carneiro, João Paulo CostaA cafeicultura tem grande importância econômica no território nacional, entretanto, enfrenta algumas limitações no seu manejo, principalmente na sua implantação, pelo fato de comprometer todo o processo produtivo. A utilização de bioativadores de microrganismos no solo na instalação de lavouras cafeeiras gera um impacto de reciclagem de nutrientes auxiliando no aproveitamento, desenvolvimento e absorção da lavoura cafeeira. Os bioestimulantes à base de algas marinhas, enzimas e microrganismo solo, vêm sendo utilizados como uma alternativa para nutrição de plantas, pelo fato da intensa demanda de nutrientes no sistema atual de agricultura. Neste estudo, objetivou-se verificar o efeito de diferentes dosagens de bioativador de solo (Vitasoil®) na implantação de lavoura cafeeira (Catuai 144 vermelho). Foram testados uma aplicação via solo em 5 doses de 4, 6, 8,10 e 12 gramas por planta, somada a 3 aplicações de 3 gramas via foliar na mesma, para fazer a utilização da mesma ocorreu a hidratação com 100 ml de água para cada grama de produto. Aos 120 dias foram realizadas avaliações no experimento, medições da parte aérea e radicular, contagem de folhas, espessura do caule, pesagem da fração aérea e radicular verde e seca, área foliar e relação parte aérea /raiz. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso. Entre os dados analisados observou que o uso do bioativador se mostrou superior estatisticamente quando comparado à testemunha, não diferindo entre si em dosagens. O ativador de microbiota de solo (Vitasoil®) aplicado via solo e foliar em mudas de café, promoveu um melhor desenvolvimento inicial do cafeeiro sendo observado em diâmetro, peso verde e seco, número de folhas por muda, área foliar, altura de planta, comprimento de raiz e relação parte aérea/raiz.Item Evaluation of the effect of Azospirillum brasilense inoculation on arabic coffee seedlings(Editora UFLA, 2020) Silva, Leonardo Caixeta da; Barbosa, Camila Karen Reis; Franco Junior, Kleso SilvaIn fabaceae, Azospirilum is used in association with Rhizobium bacteria to promote biological nitrogen fixation, making the plant tolerant to water stress and resulting in better nutrient utilization, obtaining a plant more productive and vigorousand increase roots for better nutrient uptake by the plant. However, there are no studies using coinoculation in Coffee. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of different doses of A. brasilense on the development of coffee seedlings. The experiment was carried out in Machado, southern Minas Gerais. The experimental design was completely randomized (DIC), with five treatments and nine replications, totaling 45 experimental plots. The experimental unit consisted of pots of 12 liters of capacity with a substrate composed of 70% soil and 30% of tanned manure and a coffee seedling of cultivar Catuaí Vermelho IAC 144. Treatments were composed with different doses (0, 0.75, 1.5, 2.25 and 3.0 mL) of Azospirillum brasilense inoculant from the Micro-Chemistry laboratory, Azofix®, having Ab-V5 strains, 1 x 108 cfu. mL-1 viable cells per mL. From stage V7, the seedlings received eight applications with a seven-day interval. The applying was done in the late afternoon, under favorable environmental conditions, using a hand sprayer. Evaluations were performed 150 days after the first application. The variables evaluated were shoot height (ALT) (cm); shoot fresh matter (MFPA) (g); root fresh matter (MFR) (g); leaf fresh matter (MFF) (g); stem diameter (DIA)(mm) and pivoting root length (CRP) (cm). It is concluded that the inoculation of coffee seedlings with bacteria of the species Azospirillum brasilense promotes greater growth of the pivoting root as well as the fresh matter of the whole root system of coffee seedlings.Item Effect of intercropping in shading with crotalaria on the initial development of coffee tree(Editora UFLA, 2019-10) Franco Junior, Kleso Silva; Terra, Ana Beatriz Carvalho; Florentino, Ligiane Aparecida; Carvalho, Julian Silva; Guimarães, Bernardino Cangussu; Silva, Nilton de OliveiraCoffee cultivation in Brazil is still predominantly in full sun. However, the shading technique has gained prominence to increase the sustainability and profitability of production. Coffee intercropping legumes, besides contributing to shading, act as green manure, improving soil characteristics. Thus, in this study the objective was evaluating the shading intercropping effect on the initial development of coffee trees. The experiment was carried out at Sítio Santa Felicidade, municipality of Campestre - Southern Minas Gerais. Four species of the Crotalaria genus were used and one control treatment without any intermediate species, totaling 5 treatments. The planting was carried out in 4 replicates per treatment, in a randomized block system (DBC), with 16 coffee plants per plot. The 10 central plants were used for evaluation. The variables analyzed were: seedling setting (%), plant height (cm), leaf area index (LAI), number of plagiotropic branch internodes and 50 cm from ground level (cm²), temperature (°C) and soil moisture (%). Data were statistically interpreted by variance analysis and comparisons of averages performed by the Scott-Knott test at 5% probability, using the statistical software SISVAR®. It was observed that, except seedling setting (%) wherein there was no statistical difference among treatments, the other parameters showed positive responses in intercropping with crotalaria when compared to the control, showing the beneficial effect of the use of this legume when intercropped with coffee tree.Item Shading effect on coffee tree in formation stage(Editora UFLA, 2019-04) Franco Junior, Kleso Silva; Florentino, Ligiane AparecidaAccording to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, global warming is expected with temperature rise and changes in the rainfall in tropical regions, including soil warming, which may lead losses to perennial plants. This phenomenon causes researchers to search through science alternatives in order to minimize these impacts. The objective in this research was to evaluate the cultivation of different plants in a intercropping for the coffee tree shading and its influence on the seedlings establishment, development, coffee growth and the maintenance of lower soil temperatures. The experiment was carried out at the Santa Felicidade Site, Campestre - municipality - South of MG , located at 21 ° 43’ 12 “South and 46 ° 14’ 46” West at an altitude of 1.106 meters. The cultivar used was the Catuai IAC 144, was intercropped with the following species: maize (Zea mays L.), guandu (Cajanus cajan L.), crotalaria (Crotalaria spectabilis L.), mucuna (Stizolobium aterrimun) and control without any intercrop, totaling five treatments. The plants sowing for shading was performed using a manual planter and the planting was done in 4 plots per treatment, totaling 20 experimental units in a randomized block design with 14 coffee plants per plot. The 10 central plants were analyzed. At the end of the experiment, the following characteristics were evaluated: seedlings establishment, growth in height, average length of plagiotropic branches, number of internodes in plagiotropic branches, coffee canopy and soil temperature. The data were statistically interpreted by means of variance analysis. The means were grouped by the Scott Knott test at 5% probability using the statistical software SISVAR®. According to the results obtained the shading plants in intercropped with the coffee tree managed in the post-planting and first-year phases contributed to a better coffee tree development, observed mainly in the treatments using the Crotalaria and Guandu species.