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Item Agronomic performance and productivity of Arabica coffee intercropped with timber species(Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2023-04-14) Freitas, Ana Flávia de; Fonseca, Arley José; Volpato, Margarete Marin Lordelo; Carvalho, Gladyston Rodrigues; Venturin, Regis Pereira; Silva, Vânia AparecidaThe insertion of the tree component in coffee production is a strategy from an economic and environmental perspective. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the temporal influence on the agronomic and productive performance of the coffee crop under the interference of different tree species as a function of spacing. The experiment was set in the municipality of Santo Antônio de Amparo-MG, in 2012, and conducted in a randomized block design with four replications. The treatments were: cultivar ‘Catuai Vermelho IAC 99’ in monoculture (3.40 m x 0.65 m) and intercropped with African mahogany, teak and pink cedar, in two spacings (9 x 13.6 m and 18 x 13.6 m), in coffee rows. Three coffee rows were fixed between rows, totaling 13.6 m. The following variables were evaluated: height (m), stem diameter (cm), crown diameter (m), productivity (bags ha-1) and yield (l/sc) for coffee. From the evaluations, there is a significant effect of height, productivity and yield for the coffee crop. The system intercropped with tree species did not influence coffee productivity and yield until the 3rd harvest and, for the 5th harvest, intercropping with mahogany favored productivity, although the accumulated productivity did not show any treatment effect.Item Digital imaging of coffee leaves under different nitrogen concentrations applied to soil(Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2022-01-09) Godoy, Leandro José Grava de; Carvalho, Alex Mendonça de; Freitas, Ana Flávia de; Botelho, Cesar Elias; Garibaldi, João Luís Teodoro; Ferrari, SamuelBrazil is the largest Coffea arabica L. producer and exporter in the world market. In view of the need for nitrogen fertilization, the objective of this work was to evaluate the use of digital images of coffee leaves as a function of nitrogen concentration and cultivars, as well as to evaluate the most adequate sampling of this technique to predict leaf nitrogen. The experiment was set in a greenhouse, at UNESP - Experimental Campus of Registro-SP, using 12L pots with medium sand. A completely randomized design was adopted, in a 4 x 2 factorial scheme, with four concentrations of N (0, 50, 100 and 200 mg dm-3), and two coffee cultivars (Mundo Novo and Obatã), with ten replications. The variables evaluated were: hue, dark green color index (DGCI), leaf area and leaf nitrogen content. The hue and DGCI were influenced by N concentration, cultivar and are dependent on the day after treatment application and the number of leaves used. The use of five leaves per replication was more adequate to estimate leaf N content. Hue, DGCI and leaf area were higher in Obatã depending on the day after application of the treatment and N concentration.Item Adaptations to the drought season and impacts on the yield of ‘Híbrido de Timor’ coffee tree in the Minas Gerais State Cerrado (Brazilian Savanna)(Escola de Agronomia - UFG, 2022-09-02) Santos, Cyntia Stephânia dos; Freitas, Ana Flávia de; Silva, Glauber Henrique Barbosa da; Carvalho, Milene Alves de Figueiredo; Santos, Meline de Oliveira; Carvalho, Gladyston Rodrigues; Silva, Vânia AparecidaClimate change threatens the survival of commercial crops due to their narrow genetic base. One of the alternatives is the identification of plants with potential for abiotic stress tolerance. This study aimed to verify the physiological and anatomical adaptations to the drought period and the impacts on the yield of ‘Híbrido de Timor’ coffee tree accessions. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in a 7 x 2 factorial arrangement, being seven genotypes (UFV 377-21, UFV 377-21, UFV 442-42, BE 5 Wush-Wush x UFV 366-08, UFV 428-02, UFV 376-31 and UFV 427-55) and two seasonal periods (dry and rainy), with two replications. The stomatal conductance; predawn water potential; levels of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde; activity of the enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase and ascorbate oxidase; ascorbate content; cuticle thickness of the adaxial surface and leaf lamina; stomatal density; ratio between polar and equatorial diameter; phloem area; area, diameter and frequency of xylem vessels; relative hydraulic conductivity; vulnerability index; and yield were evaluated. The results showed acclimatization of the accessions to the dry period, with some of them maintaining higher water potential values in the predawn; induction of the antioxidant system with the increase in the activity of the superoxide dismutase enzyme and ascorbate levels; increase in the cuticle and leaf lamina thickness; and a higher ratio between polar and equatorial diameters. Most of the evaluated accessions showed a good productive performance, especially the ‘UFV 377-21’, ‘UFV 442-42’ and ‘UFV 376-31’, with adaptations to the dry period and yield potential.Item Mycorrhizal fungi increase coffee plants competitiveness against Bidens pilosa interference(Escola de Agronomia - UFG, 2016) França, André Cabral; Freitas, Ana Flávia de; Santos, Edson Aparecido dos; Grazziotti, Paulo Henrique; Andrade Júnior, Valter Carvalho deAs micorrizas proporcionam diversos benefícios às plantas de cafeeiro. Avaliou-se se esses benefícios influenciam nos danos causados pela competição de Bidens pilosa com plantas jovens de café. Utilizou-se delineamento em blocos casualizados, com tratamentos estabelecidos pelo fatorial 2 x 3 (presença e ausência da interferência de B. pilosa em plantas inoculadas com Claroideoglomus etunicatum ou Dentiscutata heterogama e não inoculadas). Plântulas de café foram inoculadas com esporos dos fungos e se desenvolveram por 120 dias. Em seguida, foram submetidas à interferência de B. pilosa por mais 120 dias, quando foram coletados dados de crescimento, colonização micorrízica, massa seca e teores foliares de nutrientes no cafeeiro. Também foram avaliados a massa seca e os teores de nutrientes em plantas de B. pilosa. A inoculação proporcionou melhor crescimento e nutrição das plantas de café. A competição com B. pilosa reduziu a colonização micorrízica, altura, área foliar, massa seca de folhas e de caule, massa seca de raízes, número de ramos plagiotrópicos e teores de P e Fe das plantas de café, porém, esse efeito foi menor nas plantas inoculadas. A massa seca de B. pilosa diminuiu sob a interferência de plantas de café inoculadas. A inoculação de C. etunicatum e D. heterogama, em mudas de café arábica, aumenta a capacidade competitiva da cultura frente à interferência de B. pilosa.Item Productivity and beverage sensory quality of arabica coffee intercropped with timber species(Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Embrapa, 2020) Freitas, Ana Flávia de; Nadaleti, Denis Henrique Silva; Silveira, Helbert Rezende de Oliveira; Carvalho, Gladyston Rodrigues; Venturin, Regis Pereira; Silva, Vânia AparecidaThe objective of this work was to evaluate the productivity and beverage sensory quality of arabica coffee under the influence of tree species cultivated at different spacings. The experiment was set in 2012, in the municipality of Santo Antônio do Amparo, in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. A randomized complete block design was carried out with four replicates and seven treatments, as follows: Catuaí Vermelho IAC 99 Coffea arábica in monoculture (3.40x0.65 m); and this cultivar intercropped at two spacings (9.0x13.6 and 18.0x13.6 m) in the coffee row ‒ either with African mahogany (Khaya ivorensis), teak (Tectona grandis), or pink cedar (Acrocarpus fraxinifolius). Three coffee rows were fixed between rows, totaling 13.6 m between the wooded rows. Productivity, sensory analysis (cup test), and content analysis of sensory attributes were evaluated in the 2017 and 2018 crop years. The treatments and years of harvest influenced productivity. The sensory analysis was positive for coffee intercropped with African mahogany and teak, in 2018. Sensory attributes and nuances are modified by the Years of harvest. Arabica coffee plants intercropped with African mahogany show a superior productivity, regardless of the spacing between species, as well as a higher sensory quality in the 2018 harvest.Item Physiological aspects and yield in coffee progenies with large beans(Editora UFLA, 2021) Pavan, João Paulo Silva; Santos, Cyntia Stephânia dos; Freitas, Ana Flávia de; Carvalho, Samuel Pereira de; Carvalho, Gladyston RodriguesGenetic coffee breeding is aimed at increasing yield associated with tolerance or resistance to biotic and abiotic factors, besides providing a better beverage quality and supplying the demand for bigger beans. The efficiency in photosynthetic activity can limit produce and diversify genotypes, mainly under adverse environmental conditions. Consequently, the importance of selection of Coffea arabica L. regarding these characteristics stands out. Therefore, the objective of this paper was to measure the physiological characterization and yield of Coffea arabica L. progenies with large beans “Big Coffee VL”. Twelve productive progenies were selected and classified according to fruit size (“small”, “medium” and “large”), which were: S14, S23, S34, S36, M4, M5, M14, M20, L10, L12, L17 and L31. Net photosynthetic rate (A), stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration rate (E), water use efficiency (WUE), internal carbon (Ci), intercellular CO2 concentration in the mesophyll were evaluated on the current external CO2 concentration (Ci/Ca), besides vapor pressure deficit (VPD), leaf temperature (Tleaf), indirect determination of the relative levels of chlorophylls a, b and total, in addition to bean yield in two crops. The Tocher grouping resulted in the formation of 4 groups, and progenies M4, L10 and S34 remained in isolated groups.Progeny L10 stood out for higher mean values of A, gs and Ci; the opposite behavior was observed in progeny S34. Progeny M4 is noteworthy as the one with the highest yield in the two years considered, in addition to presenting high photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll indexes. It is concluded that the progenies of “Big Coffee VL” show variability for physiological parameters and productivity. Progenies S14, M4 and L10 stood out, and S14 was more efficient in the use of water; M4 was the most productive and L10 stood out in terms of gas exchange.Item Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus on the initial growth and nutrition of Coffea arabica L. genotypes(Editora UFLA, 2019-08) Fonseca, Arley José; Freitas, Ana Flávia de; Carvalho, Gladyston Rodrigues; Carneiro, Marco Aurélio Carbone; Vilela, Diego Júnior Martins; Fassio, Larissa de OliveiraThe benefits of mycorrhization occur with the growth of hyphae in colonized roots by promoting an increase of the contact surface which improves the initial growth due to a better absorption of water and nutrients. The objective was to evaluate the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus clarus inoculation over the initial development and nutritional response of six genotypes of Coffea arabica L. Six genotypes of Coffea arabica L. were used (MGS Aranas, H29-1-8-5, Red Catuai IAC 144, IPR 100, Catigua MG2, Paraíso H 419-1) and with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus - AMF: Rhizophagus clarus and without the application of the fungus. For the production of coffee seedlings, seeds were placed to germinate in plastic trays with sterile sand. After germination, 10 seedlings of each genotype were transferred to 0.120 dm 3 polyethylene tubes with substrate. Then the inoculation of five seedlings of each genotype with the AMF R. Clarus was performed. When the seedlings with and without inoculation with the AMF presented six pairs of leaves they were transplanted to 13-liter pots containing soil (Dystrophic red-yellow latosol). The inoculation favored the initial growth of the coffee plants and its intensity varied according to the genotypes. The genotypes H 29-1-8-5, Red Catuai IAC 144 and Catigua MG 2 were the ones that presented higher shoot dry mass, root dry mass, total dry mass and accumulation of P, in relation to MGS aranãs, Paraiso H 419-1 and IPR 100, so they are the most promising to be inoculated with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus.Item Ácido cítrico e fósforo no desenvolvimento e estado nutricional de mudas de café(Editora UFLA, 2015-07) Lemos, Vinícius Teixeira; França, André Cabral; Silva, Enílson de Barros; Marinho, Renan Luís da Silva; Franco, Miguel Henrique Rosa; Avellar, Moisés de; Freitas, Ana Flávia de; Reis, Lílian Alves de Carvalho; Corrêa, Juliano Miari; Carvalho, Gladyston RodriguesEm solos intemperizados existe um aumento da retenção de ânions como o fosfato. Ácidos orgânicos de baixa massa molecular têm sido eficazes para disponibilizar nutrientes considerados “indisponíveis no solo”, como o fósforo. Objetivou-se avaliar o desenvolvimento, a qualidade e o estado nutricional de mudas de café cultivar Catuaí Vermelho (IAC 99), submetidas à aplicação de diferentes concentrações de ácido cítrico e fósforo no substrato. Utilizou-se esquema fatorial (4x4), sendo o primeiro fator referente à aplicação de ácido cítrico anidro (0,0; 0,5; 1,0 e 2,0 mg dm- 3 ) e, o segundo referente às doses de fósforo (0, 450, 900 e 1800 mg P 2 O 5 dm -3 ), aplicadas no substrato. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, com cinco repetições. As sementes foram germinadas em saquinhos com substrato padrão para mudas de café, ajustado conforme os tratamentos. O ácido cítrico foi aplicado quando as mudas apresentavam as folhas cotiledonares. As avaliações foram realizadas aos 180 dias após a semeadura, quando as mudas apresentavam-se com quatro a cinco pares de folhas expandidas, sendo avaliados os teores foliares e atributos fitotécnicos e, a partir destes, determinado o índice de qualidade de Dickson. As doses de 1.404,0 mg P 2 O 5 dm -3 e 1,0 mg dm -3 de ácido cítrico no substrato influenciam, positivamente, na qualidade máxima das mudas. Não foi efetiva a dose de 2,0 mg dm -3 de ácido cítrico para o desenvolvimento com qualidade das mesmas até o ponto de plantio, embora tenham aumentado os teores de Ca, N, P, S, Cu, Fe e Zn, nas folhas.