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Use of foliar fertilizers as attenuators of injuries caused by glyphosate drift in young coffee plantations
(Editora UFLA, 2020) Gonçalves, Ana Luisa Lucca; Pereira, Gustavo Antônio Mendes; Silva, Larissa Aparecida; Alves, Deivide Patrik; Pucci, Laís Franchini; Gonçalves, Victor Afonso Reis; Reis, Marcelo Rodrigues dos
Glyphosate is the most used product for weed control in young coffee planting rows. The application is carried out in a directed way, avoiding the contact of the product with the crop. However, drift and consequent plant injuries frequently occur. An alternative to reduce these injuries is the use of attenuators capable of reducing the negative effects caused by this herbicide. Therefore, the objective of this study is to verify the efficiency of foliar fertilizers (Fertiactyl Pós® and Crop+) as attenuators of the toxic effects caused by the use of glyphosate in the coffee crop. Thus, coffee seedlings were subjected to different doses of the mixture of Fertiactyl Pós® with glyphosate and Crop+ with glyphosate. The treatments were applied on top of the plants. The percentage of coffee intoxication was evaluated at 14, 21, 28, 35, 42 and 90 days after application. At 90 days after application, height, leaf area and shoot and root dry matter were evaluated. Higher doses of glyphosate (1.44 and 2.88 kg ha-1) without the use of attenuators caused intoxication levels close to 80% at 28 and 90 DAA. The use of Fertiactyl Pós® and Crop+ reduced the injuries caused by the application of glyphosate, regardless of the dose of herbicide and fertilizers, but with different levels of action. All the morphological variables measured suffered a negative action with the isolated use of glyphosate, with a tendency to recover when the attenuators were applied. It is concluded that the two attenuators were efficient in suppressing the deleterious effects of glyphosate on coffee plants affected by this herbicide. For 0.720 kg ha-1 of glyphosate, the dose most used in the field, 8 L ha-1 is recommended for Fertiactyl Pós® and 4 L ha-1 for Crop+.
Indaziflam application in newly transplanted arabica coffee seedlings
(Editora UFLA, 2019-07) Gomes, Carolina Alves; Pucci, Laís Franchini; Alves, Deivide Patrik; Leandro, Vitor Alves; Pereira, Gustavo Antônio Mendes; Reis, Marcelo Rodrigues dos
Weed management is one of the main and most problematic cultural practices used in coffee plantations. Slow growth, broad spacing associated with scarce registered products for weed control at an early crop stage, are the main problems faced by producers. Therefore, it is desirable for new herbicide molecules to be registered for this crop, as is the recent case of indaziflam. This study aimed to know the influence of indaziflam on the morphological characteristics of coffee plants and to propose alternatives to reduce its effects on plants. Therefore, the effects of this herbicide on two arabica coffee cultivars were studied, as well as the association of this herbicide with protection of the seedling collar (PVC pipes and bovine manure). Controls on weeds, possible injury on seedlings and effects on the main morphological characteristics of coffee plants were evaluated. Although treatments with the use of indaziflam cause intoxication in the seedlings, a reduction in plant damage was observed over time, and the damage was insignificant. In general, it was observed that cultivar IBC 12 suffered minor injuries, but it is more sensitive to the presence of indaziflam, since it presented greater damage in the morphological variables. The use of manure with the PVC pipe can be an alternative to reduce the effects of this herbicide, as it reduced the effects of the product on the root system of this cultivar. It is concluded that the application of indaziflam causes mild symptoms in coffee plants independent of the planted cultivar. Indaziflam causes reduction in seedling morphology, and this effect is dependent on the cultivar used. The use of manure associated to the PVC pipe can be an alternative to reduce the effects of indaziflam, mainly in the root system of coffee plants.
Association of indaziflam and oxyfluorfen in coffee pre-transplantation
(Editora UFLA, 2019-07) Pucci, Laís Franchini; Fukada, Paulo Massaharu; Pereira, Gustavo Antônio Mendes; Alves, Deivide Patrik; Gomes, Carolina Alves; Reis, Marcelo Rodrigues dos
Weed management in the pre-transplantation of coffee plants is an essential condition for the future success of the crop. Currently, the producer has few options to perform chemical management at this stage. Therefore, one of the solutions that is being used is the tank mixing of products proven efficient with new products on the market, such as indaziflam. The objective of this study is to know the selectivity of indaziflam, associated or not with oxyfluorfen, in coffee pre-planting and its effectiveness in weed control. Thus, the following treatments were tested in the field: indaziflam (25 g ha -1 a.i.), indaziflam (50 g ha -1 a.i.), oxyfluorfen (960 g ha -1 a.i.), indaziflam (25 g ha -1 a.i.) + oxyfluorfen (960 g ha -1 a.i.), indaziflam (50 g ha -1 a.i.) + oxyfluorfen (960 g ha -1 a.i.), plus a weeded and a non-weeded control. All treatments caused low intoxication in the seedlings, but without impairing the development and morphological variables of the plants. The treatments were efficient in controlling the species Bidens pilosa L., Commelina benghalensis L., Urochloa decumbens, Emilia fosbergii and Melampodium perfoliatum until 68 days after application. At 104 days, it was observed that there was a reduction in the efficiency of the products. It is concluded that the associated use of indaziflam and oxyfluorfen does not cause intoxications capable of interfering with the development of coffee plants. The association of these herbicides or their isolated applications is efficient in the control of weeds in the pre-transplantation of coffee plants, and the choice of the best management strategy is dependent on the weed community present in each area.

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