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Item Morpho-agronomic and leaf anatomical traits in Coffeacanephora genotypes(Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2023) Silva, Larícia Olária Emerick; Schmidt, Raquel; Almeida, Rafael Nunes de; Feitoza, Rodrigo Barbosa Braga; Cunha, Maura da; Partelli, Fábio LuizGenetic variability is the basis for coffee genetic breeding. This study evaluated the potential of leaf anatomy and morpho-agronomic traits in studies of genetic variability in C. canephoracultivars. Ten genotypes were distributed in randomized block designs with three replicates. Significant differences among genotypes were detected by F-test (P < 0.05) for 13 of 15 evaluated traits. These results evidenced the heterogeneity of the studied cultivars, which is essential in composition of genetic basis in breeding programs. The Scott-Knott test detected variability among genotypes, grouped into up to four mean groups. Leaf anatomy traits presented the largest variations. Five out of seven leaf anatomy traits presented heritability higher than 80%, with emphasis on stomatal density (95.69%) and stomatal pore length (92.72%). Positive correlations were observed among morpho-agronomic and anatomic traits. Cluster analysis used the Mahalanobis general distance (D2) as a measure of genetic dissimilarity and divided the genotypes into two distinct groups. The inclusion of leaf anatomic traits to characterize C. canephoragenotypes may assist plant breeders with better genetic discrimination and with greater security in plant selection when composing cultivars.Item Morpho-agronomic and leaf anatomical traits in Coffeacanephora genotypes(Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2022-11-28) Silva, Larícia Olária Emerick; Schmidt, Raquel; Almeida, Rafael Nunes de; Feitoza, Rodrigo Barbosa Braga; Cunha, Maura da; Partelli, Fábio LuizGenetic variability is the basis for coffee genetic breeding. This study evaluated the potential of leaf anatomy and morpho-agronomic traits in studies of genetic variability in C. canephoracultivars. Ten genotypes were distributed in randomized block designs with three replicates. Significant differences among genotypes were detected by F-test (P < 0.05) for 13 of 15 evaluated traits. These results evidenced the heterogeneity of the studied cultivars, which is essential in composition of genetic basis in breeding programs. The Scott-Knott test detected variability among genotypes, grouped into up to four mean groups. Leaf anatomy traits presented the largest variations. Five out of seven leaf anatomy traits presented heritability higher than 80%, with emphasis on stomatal density (95.69%) and stomatal pore length (92.72%). Positive correlations were observed among morpho-agronomic and anatomic traits. Cluster analysis used the Mahalanobis general distance (D2) as a measure of genetic dissimilarity and divided the genotypes into two distinct groups. The inclusion of leaf anatomic traits to characterize C. canephoragenotypes may assist plant breeders with better genetic discrimination and with greater security in plant selection when composing cultivars.Item Yield of robusta coffee in different spatial arrangements(Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Embrapa, 2021-12-10) Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Tavella, Leonardo Barreto; Schmidt, Raquel; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Dias, Jairo Rafael Machado; Bravin, Maísa Pinto; Partelli, Fábio LuizThe objective of this work was to determine the contribution of the number of stems to the composition of individual plant yield, and to individual and overall robusta coffee (Coffea canephora) yield at different planting densities, using a fixed number of stems per plant. The experiment was carried out in two phases. The first phase was performed from 2011 to 2015, in the municipality of Ouro Preto do Oeste, in the state of Rondônia (RO), Brazil, to evaluate different numbers of stems per plant (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6). The second phase was conducted from 2013 to 2018, in the municipality of Alta Floresta D’Oeste, RO, to evaluate plant densities (at 1,666, 1,904, 2,222, 2,666, and 3,333 plants ha-1), with an initial density of four stems per plant in all treatments. The increase of number of stems per plant promotes a quadratic response to the average and cumulated yield of coffee plants, and the maximum yield is attained with four stems per plant. The number of stems should not exceed four, to avoid their tipping during years of high production. Plant density of 3,333 plants per hectare, with 4 stems per plant and 1 m spacing, promotes the reduction of individual plant yield; however, it results in higher overall crop yield.Item Early induction of orthotropic shoots in Coffea canephora(Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2020) Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Araújo, Larissa Fatarelli Bento de; Schmidt, Raquel; Dias, Jairo Rafael Machado; Rocha, Rodrigo BarrosIn Coffea canephora, the number of orthotropic shoots is directly related to plant yield. The objective of this study was to evaluate the vegetative and yield performance of Coffea canephora, from the botanical variety Conilon, under different management systems for early emission of orthotropic shoots. The experiment was carried out in Ouro Preto do Oeste, Rondônia, between November 2011 and May 2014. Three types of management techniques were tested for early induction of orthotropic shoots in coffee trees (T1 = bending of the orthotropic shoot; T2 = apical pruning of the orthotropic shoot, T3 = free growing). The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with 20 replicates. Each block consisted of a clonal genotype (clone) from the Embrapa Coffee Breeding Program. The techniques pruning and apical pruning were efficient to induce early growth of orthotropic shoots in Coffea canephora, resulting in higher yield in the first commercial bean production.Item Matéria seca em frutos, folhas e ramos plagiotrópicos de cafeeiros cultivados na Amazônia ocidental(Editora UFLA, 2017-01) Dubberstein, Danielly; Partelli, Fabio Luiz; Schmidt, Raquel; Dias, Jairo Rafael Machado; Covre, André ManzoliDiversos fatores podem influenciar no acúmulo de matéria seca no cafeeiro, como o manejo nutricional e a fase fenológica da planta. Objetivou-se avaliar o número de frutos e o teor de matéria seca em frutos, folhas e ramos plagiotrópicos de Coffea canephora, adubado e não adubado nas condições da Amazônia Ocidental. O experimento foi conduzido em lavoura clonal, com delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas no tempo. As parcelas principais foram constituídas por dois manejos de adubação e as subparcelas acomodaram as épocas de avaliação. Foram feitas coletas de ramos produtivos desde o estádio fenológico do fruto chumbinho até a maturação. Avaliou-se o número de frutos por ramo, matéria seca total de frutos por ramo, matéria seca por fruto, matéria seca de folhas e a matéria seca de ramo plagiotrópico. Para as condições avaliadas a adubação mineral não diferiu o número de frutos e teor de matéria seca dos órgãos. A curva de acúmulo de matéria seca no fruto ajustou-se ao modelo sigmoidal e houve acréscimo evidente a partir do 56o dia da floração, posterior à fase de queda significativa de frutos chumbinho. Nos ramos plagiotrópicos também ocorreu aumento linear no teor de matéria seca durante a fase reprodutiva, ao contrário das folhas, que se averiguou decréscimo de matéria seca.Item Cortes basais e substratos na formação de mudas clonais de cafeeiro canéfora(Editora UFLA, 2017-01) Aquino, Lorena Pegorer de; Schmidt, Raquel; Dubberstein, Danielly; Dias, Jairo Rafael MachadoObjetivou-se avaliar substratos e tipos de cortes nas estacas para produção de mudas clonais de cafeeiro canéfora. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação. As estacas foram obtidas a partir da porção média de ramos ortotrópicos padronizados. O experimento foi em esquema fatorial 2x7 com dois tipos de cortes nas estacas (corte basal retilíneo e em bisel) e sete substratos: solo, comercial, palha de café, maravalha (resíduo de madeira processada), comercial+palha de café (v:v), comercial+maravalha (v:v) e maravalha+palha de café (v:v). Verificou-se que o substrato comercial Vivato Slim quando acrescido ou não de palha de café, bem como o corte basal retilíneo em estacas de Coffea canephora apresentam melhores resultados para produção de mudas clonais nas condições estudadas no presente trabalho.Item Biometria e trocas gasosas em mudas clonais de cafeeiro submetidas a diferentes substratos(Editora UFLA, 2016-10) Alves, Erilene Romeiro; Schmidt, Raquel; Moreira, Riziely; Dias, Jairo Rafael Machado; Maia, EmanuelObjetivou-se avaliar a biometria e as trocas gasosas de mudas de Coffea canephora submetidas a diferentes substratos, em cinco períodos de avaliação. O experimento foi realizado em Rolim de Moura, Rondônia. Foi conduzido no esquema de parcela subdividida no tempo, composto pela combinação de três substratos (solo, composto orgânico e substrato comercial) com cinco períodos de avaliação (25, 50, 75, 100, 125) dias após plantio das estacas e paralelamente aos 75, 100 e 125 DAE entre as 9 e 11 horas, avaliou-se as trocas gasosas foliares. O substrato orgânico é uma alternativa favorável, apresentando-se superior nas características biométricas comparativamente ao solo e substrato comercial na formação de mudas clonais em cafeeiros canéfora durante a fase de formação no viveiro. Os diferentes substratos utilizados neste estudo não foram capazes de promover alterações nas trocas gasosas nas mudas clonais de cafeeiros.