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URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://thoth.dti.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3352
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Item Soil humidity and evapotranspiration under three coffee (Coffea arabica L.) planting densities at Naranjal experimental station (Chinchiná, Caldas, Colombia)(Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 2018) Bermúdez-Florez, Leidy Natalia; Cartagena-Valenzuela, José Régulo; Ramírez-Builes, Víctor HugoCoffee cultivation depends on water supplied by rain or irrigation, which, in turn, affect productivity and harvest distribution. Knowing the influence of plant spacing on the behavior of soil moisture and water consumption, is likely to determine a crop’s planting density, fertilization and planting times, all based on regional water availability. In this context, the study was conducted at Naranjal Experimental Station, municipality of Chinchiná (Caldas, Colombia) at 04° 58’ N, 75° 39’ W; 1,381 m a.s.l., aimed to describe moisture performance in a coffee plantation established on an Andisol, under three planting densities. This was done by estimating the evapotranspiration (ETo) and assessing crop evapotranspiration (ETc). Soil moisture was measured with a capacitance probe equipped with sensors spaced at 10, 20, 30, 40, 60 and 100 cm. Moisture content in the soil profile varied with planting density and from dry to humid periods. ETo and ETc were observed to be influenced by weather conditions, which determined higher values during the dry season and lower ones in the rainy season. Although planting density was found to affect hydraulic soil properties, sufficient water supply for the plants along both humid and dry seasons was stabilized by the water storage capacity that characterizes Andisols. The capacitance probe constitutes an effective tool for studying water performance in soils with coffee vocation in Colombia, especially when they are sensitive to the limitations imposed by water deficit resulting, in turn, from current or future climate variability.Item Identification of acid-tolerant coffee genotypes in a coffee germplasm collection of Colombia(Editora UFLA, 2020) Acuña-Zornosa, Ricardo; Sadeghian-Khalajabadi, SiavoshOne of the limitations of coffee production in many regions of Colombia is the soil acidity. According to historical soil chemical analysis records, more than 50% of coffee farms have pH values below 5.0. Because acid-tolerant coffee varieties are not available, farmers use calcareous additives to correct the problem, which incurs associated labor and input costs. The objective of this work was to identify acid-tolerant genotypes of Coffea arabica. For two contrasting soils in the coffee-growing area of Colombia (Andisol and Entisol), the effect of soil acidity on the growth of 20 genotypes of Coffea Arabica during the seedling stage was evaluated. The genotypes were wild accessions that make up the Colombian Coffee Germplasm Collection and the Castillo ® Naranjal Variety, used as commercial material. Six months after the seedlings were transplanted into soils treated with or without acidity correction additives, the weight of the dry matter of the roots, stems and leaves was recorded. Later, the acid-tolerant genotypes were identified by means of the quadrant method and the tolerance index. The Timor Hybrid and Rume Sudan genotypes were identified as tolerant of the acidity of the two soil types. These genotypes could be used as progenitors in a coffee breeding program leading to a commercial coffee variety tolerant to soil acidity.