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Item Composição química, produção e qualidade do café fertilizado com diferentes fontes e doses de nitrogênio(Editora UFLA, 2003-11) Malta, Marcelo Ribeiro; Nogueira, Francisco Dias; Guimarães, Paulo Tácito GontijoConduziu-se este experimento com a finalidade de se analisar o efeito da adubação nitrogenada sobre a produção e qualidade do café (Coffea arabica L). O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, no esquema de parcelas subdivididas, utilizando-se seis fontes de nitrogênio (N): calcionamida, nitrato de potássio, nitrocálcio, sulfato de amônio, uréia e nitrato de amônio, nas parcelas, e quatro doses de N (0, 80, 160 e 320 kg ha -1 ) aplicadas nas subparcelas, com três blocos. Avaliaram-se a produção e as variáveis: atividade da polifenoloxidase, acidez titulável total, açúcares totais, compostos fenólicos totais, ácidos clorogênicos totais, cafeína e prova de xícara. Não houve resposta significativa de produção às fontes e doses de N. Observou-se redução na qualidade do café ao utilizar-se nitrocálcio e nitrato de amônio como fontes de N. Quanto às doses utilizadas, as fontes de N apresentaram efeitos diferenciados em relação à composição química e qualidade do café; entretanto, observou-se, pelas análises da atividade enzimática da polifenoloxidase, acidez titulável total, ácidos clorogênicos totais e compostos fenólicos totais, que doses mais elevadas de sulfato de amônio têm efeito negativo sobre a qualidade dos grãos.Item Nitrogen fertilizers technologies for coffee plants(Editora UFLA, 2019-01) Chagas, Wantuir Filipe Teixeira; Silva, Douglas Ramos Guelfi; Lacerda, Jordana Reis; Pinto, Leandro Campos; Andrade, André Baldansi; Faquin, ValdemarThe application of urea in coffee crop has caused high losses of nitrogen (N) by volatilization, causing low use and recovery of this nutrient. This low use of N may interfere in the growth and nutrition of the coffee crop and thus, influence the efficiency of the nitrogen fertilization. The aim in this work was to assess the growth, nutritional and physiological characteristics and the agronomic efficiency of the nitrogen fertilization with different nitrogen fertilizer technologies. The experiment was performed in a greenhouse in pots with a volume of 14 L. In each pot, it was performed the transplanting of two plants of coffee. The experimental design was entirely randomized, with four replicates. The following nitrogen fertilizers were applied in the dose of 10g pot -1 , devided into three applications with interval of 50 days: Conventional urea; ammonium nitrate; urea + formaldehyde; Polyblen Extend ® ; Polyblen Montanha ® ; Urea + polyurethane; urea + plastic resin; ammonium sulfate + CaCO 3 and the control, without N application. After cropping, it was evaluated the growth, nutritional and physiological parameters. Afterward, it was calculated two agronomic efficiency index of the nitrogen fertilization. The highest values of plants height, the total dry mass of plants and leaf area in coffee seedlings were found with the application of Polyblen Extend ® . This blend also provided higher accumulation of N in the leaf and the whole plant. The application of Polyblen Extend ® provided higher agronomic efficiency and also enhanced the photosynthetic rate in the coffee plants.Item Nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase activity in coffee leaves during fruit development(Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, 2009-03) Reis, Andre Rodrigues; Favarin, José Laércio; Gallo, Luiz Antônio; Malavolta, Eurípedes; Moraes, Milton Ferreira; Lavres Junior, JoséNitrate reductase is the first enzyme in the pathway of nitrate reduction by plants, followed by glutamine synthetase, which incorporates ammonia to glutamine. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase activity, total soluble protein content, N and Ni content in coffee leaves during fruit development under field conditions to establish new informations to help assess the N nutritional status and fertilizer management. The experimental design was in randomized complete blocks, arranged in a 3 x 6 factorial design, with five replications. The treatments consisted of 3 N rates (0 - control, 150 and 300 kg ha -1 ) and six evaluation periods (January, February, March, April, May, and June) in six-year-old coffee (Coffea arabica L.) plants of Catuaí Vermelho IAC 44 cv. The nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase activities, leaf soluble protein, and N concentrations increased linearly with the N rates. During fruit development, the enzyme activity, leaf soluble protein and N content decreased, due to the leaf senescence process caused by nutrient mobilization to other organs, e.g, to the berries. Leaf Ni increased during fruit development. Beans and raisin-fruits of plants well-supplied with N had higher Ni contents. Enzyme activities, total leaf N and leaf soluble protein, evaluated during the green fruit stage in March, were significantly correlated with coffee yield. These variables can therefore be useful for an early assessment of the coffee N nutritional status as well as coffee yield and N fertilization management.Item Spacial distribution of fertigated coffee root system(Editora UFLA, 2017-01) Vicente, Marcelo Rossi; Mantovani, Everardo Chartuni; Fernandes, André Luís Teixeira; Neves, Júlio César Lima; Figueredo, Edmilson Marques; Delazari, Fábio TeixeiraThe development of coffee plant root system changes when subjected to drip irrigation and fertigation. This work aimed to evaluate the effects of different levels of fertigation on the development of coffee root system by drip irrigation in western Bahia. The experiment was carried out with Catuaí Vermelho IAC 144 coffee plants, of about 3.5 years of age, in the “Café do Rio Branco” farm, located in Barreiras – BA, and consisted of a complete randomized blocks design with 3 replicates. Treatments consisted of three levels of nitrogen and potassium fertilization (900/800, 600/500 and 300/250 kg ha -1 year -1 N and K2O), weekly distributed, by means of fertigation, throughout the process. After the fourth harvest, coffee root system was evaluated, and root length density (RLD) and root density (RD) were determined at different sampled layers. The highest root concentration, root length density (RLD), and root density (RD) were observed in the superficial layers of soil (0-20 cm), and under the dripline (30 and 70 cm from the orthotropic branch). Results showed that the lower the N and K2O levels, the higher was the development (RLD and RD) of the coffee root system.