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URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://thoth.dti.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3352
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Item Development and validation of a method for detection and quantification of ochratoxin A in green coffee using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry(Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, 2012-10) Bandeira, Raquel Duarte da Costa Cunha; Uekane, Thaís Matsue; Cunha, Carolina Passos da; Cunha, Valnei Smarçaro da; Rodrigues, Janaína Marques; Godoy, Ronoel Luiz de Oliveira; Cruz, Marcus Henrique Campino de laA method using Liquid Chromatography Tanden Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) with matrix-matched calibration curve was developed and validated for determining ochratoxin A (OTA) in green coffee. Linearity was found between 3.0 and 23.0 ng.g –1 . Mean recoveries ranged between 90.45% and 108.81%; the relative standard deviation under repeatability and intermediate precision conditions ranged from 5.39% to 9.94% and from 2.20% to 14.34%, respectively. The limits of detection and quantification were 1.2 ng.g –1 and 3.0 ng.g –1 , respectively. The method developed was suitable and contributed to the field of mycotoxin analysis, and it will be used for future production of the Certified Reference Material (CRM) for OTA in coffee.Item Survey on ochratoxin A in brazilian green coffee destined for exports(Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, 2004-10) Gollücke, A. P. B.; Taniwaki, M. H.; Tavares, D. Q.The presence of ochratoxin A (OTA) in foods has led some countries to establish regulatory limits. Although coffee is not a major source of OTA in human consumption, the European Community (EC) may establish limits in the near future, with possible economic impact on producing countries. This study measured the OTA content with HPLC in 37 samples of Brazilian green coffee exclusive destined to the export market and also verified a possible relation between coffee defects and OTA content. The results showed an OTA concentration ranging from < 0.16ng/g (detection limit) to 6.24ng/g (average of 3.20ng/g) for 37 samples. Of the five samples observed for defects, toxin content of sound beans ranged from 0.22 to 0.80ng/g (average 0.46ng/g) and of defective beans from 0.42 to 17.46 (average 4.52ng/g). Morphological differences among sound and defective beans showed no susceptibility for mould invasion under optical microscopy observation. One black bean depicted the presence of mould and spores on observation under Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). According to this investigation, Brazilian green coffee for export complies with most limits in place.Item Ochratoxin a in Brazilian green coffee(Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, 2001-01) Leoni, Luís A.B.; Furlani, Regina P.Z.; Soares, Lucia M. Valente; Oliveira, Paulo Lauro C.Ochratoxin A is a nephrotoxic, teratogenic and imunotoxic compound produced by Aspergillus and Penicillium spp. It is a suspected carcinogen to humans and it is carcinogenic to rats. Recently it has drawn attention because it has been found in coffee and it has been the object of regulation by coffee importing countries. Brazil is the largest coffee producing country and its largest consumer. In order to conduct an initial assessment of the situation of the coffee produced in the country and offered to its population, one hundred and thirty two samples of Brazilian green coffee from 5 producing states (Minas Gerais, Paraná, São Paulo, Espírito Santo and Bahia) and destined for the home market, were collected at sales points at the cities of Londrina and Santos, Brazil, and analyzed for ochratoxin A. The toxin was isolated in immunoaffinity columns and quantified by HPLC with florescence detection. The limit of detection was 0.7ng/g and the average RSD for duplicates of the samples was 11%. Twenty seven samples were found contaminated with the toxin and the average concentration for the contaminated samples was 7.1ng/g ochratoxin A. Neither the total number of defects nor the number of specific defects according to the Brazilian coffee classification system (black, partly – black, sour, stinkers-black, stinkers-green, pod beans) showed any relation to the contamination of the samples with ochratoxin A.Item Enzymatic and toxigenic potential of fungi isolated from coffee beans(Editora UFLA, 2013-01) Rezende, Elisângela de Fátima; Couto, Fabiana Aparecida; Borges, Josiane Gonçalves; Silva, Daiani Maria da; Batista, Luis RobertoThe presence of some species of filamentous fungi in coffee beans may indicate reduced quality and risks of mycotoxins. Moreover, other species may be bioprotective of the bean integrity, indicators of environmental changes and informative. The objective of this study was to evaluate the enzymatic activity and toxigenic potential of filamentous fungi isolated from 12 samples of coffee beans (11 samples of Coffea arabica and 1 sample of Coffea canephora). 182 fungi were isolated and identified belonging to two genera: Aspergillus and Penicillium. Of the 138 fungi from the genus Aspergillus belonging to the Section Nigri and Section Circumdati tested, 28.3 % were producers of ochratoxin A, particularly for the species A. ochraceus and A. ostianus. Of the 14 isolates of Aspergillus flavus tested, 78.6 % were producers of aflatoxin B1 and B2 . Aspergillus versicolor , Cladosporium cladosporioides , Penicillium roqueforti and Penicillium sp . showed an enzymatic index greater than 2 (IE> 2) for polygalacturonase and Penicillium funiculosum , Penicillium and Aspergillus sclerotiorum aurantiogriseum showed pectate lyase activity above 2 ( IE> 2). Species of Penicillium brevicompactum showed potential pectinolitica for the two enzymes tested. These results demonstrate that coffee beans can be an important source of fungi with biotechnological potential and potentially toxigenic fungi have limited enzyme capacity of degrading pectin -rich substrates such as mucilage and produce mycotoxins.Item Potencial enzimático e toxigênico de fungos isolados de grãos de café(Editora UFLA, 2013-01) Rezende, Elisângela de Fátima; Couto, Fabiana Aparecida; Borges, Josiane Gonçalves; Silva, Daiani Maria da; Batista, Luis RobertoA presença de algumas espécies de fungos filamentosos em grãos de café pode indicar redução da qualidade e riscos de micotoxinas. Por outro lado, outras espécies podem ser bioprotetoras da integridade dos grãos, indicadores de alterações ambientais e indicativo. Objetivou-se, neste estudo, avaliar a atividade enzimática e o potencial toxigênico de fungos filamentosos isolados de 12 amostras de grãos de café (11 amostras de Coffea arabica e uma amostra de Coffea canephora). Foram isolados e identificados 182 fungos pertencentes a dois gêneros: Aspergillus e Penicillium. Dos 138 fungos do gênero Aspergillus pertencentes à Seção Circumdati e Seção Nigri testados, 28,3% foram produtores de ocratoxina A, com destaque para as espécies A. ochraceus e A. ostianus. Dos 14 isolados de A. flavus testados, 78,6% foram produtores de aflatoxina B1 e B2. A. versicolor, Cladosporium cladosporioides, P. roqueforti e Penicillium sp. apresentaram índice enzimático superior a 2 (IE > 2) para poligalacturonase e P. funiculosum, P. aurantiogriseum e Aspergillus sclerotiorum apresentaram atividade pectato liase acima de 2 (IE > 2). Os isolados de P. brevicompactum apresentaram potencial pectinolítico para as duas enzimas testadas. Esses resultados demonstram que os grãos de café podem ser importante fonte de fungos com potencial biotecnológico e que os fungos potencialmente toxigênicos apresentam limitada capacidade enzimática de degradar substratos ricos em pectina como a mucilagem e produzir micotoxinas.