Periódicos
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://thoth.dti.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3352
Navegar
32 resultados
Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Agronomic practices toward coffee sustainability. A review(Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", 2023-10-23) Martinez, Herminia Emilia Prieto; Andrade, Sara Adrián López de; Santos, Ricardo Henrique Silva; Baptistella, João Leonardo Corte; Mazzafera, PauloThe coffee sector is estimated to have a retail market value in excess of USD 83 billion, and over 125 million jobs have been created in the global coffee chain. The coffee specialty market has recently increased significantly, generating opportunities to certify coffee beans produced by sustainable practices. This avoids practices potentially harmful to the environment. Agroforestry, organic farming, intercropping, and soil conservation strategies are examples of sustainable alternatives in the production of coffee. In this review, we focus on practices for the sustainable management of coffee plantations that can help farmers fight problems caused by global warming. More specifically, we address soil organic matter and microbiota, the use of Urochloa grass as intercrop in coffee plantations, shading systems (including agroforestry), and organic coffee production. We concluded that from the agronomic viewpoint, we already have production techniques that can replace traditional ones with significant advantages accruing to the quality of coffee orchard ecosystems. Nevertheless, we need scientific research efforts to deal with the existing gaps and the engagement of the whole coffee chain as a means of guaranteeing an adequate profit to those smallholders who adopt and maintain sustainable practice and are capable of bringing several positive changes to the coffee crop, including the use of microbia-based commercial products and new organic sources of nutrients to complement chemical fertilizers and improve coffee quality.Item Exploring spent coffee grounds energy potential in the brazilian scenario(Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola, 2023-01-23) Freitas, Caroline P. M. de; Marangon, Bianca B.; Pereira, Emanuele G.; Renato, Natalia dos S.Coffee stands out worldwide for being widely traded and consumed. However, this consumption generates a large amount of spent coffee grounds (SCGs) that are typically arbitrarily discarded. This biomass has a high heating value and molecular composition that allows for it to be a raw material for generating heat and energy. The search for renewable energy sources should consider the potential of SCGs. Thus, the objective of this study was to estimate the energy potential of SCGs in Brazil. The methodology consisted of searching for data to represent the generation of SCGs in the country and estimate its energy potential. It was found that the amount of SCGs available for power generation through direct combustion was approximately one thousand tons, and the power generation potential was 6.83 TWh/year in Brazil. This energy is sufficient to meet, for example, the total annual demand for public lighting in the country's Southeast. These results are the first steps towards evaluating the potential use of SCGs as an energy source and its environmental benefits. Additionally, this study explored limitations and barriers, providing valuable information for developing routes for using this energy residue and incentives for public policies.Item Podcast Especial SEBRAE/ES - Sustentabilidade e Café(Kelly Stein, 2018-11-22) Batista, Samara Cuquetto; Pessa, BrunoO que é sustentabilidade?! O termo é usado à exaustão não só no mercado de cafés como em diversas indústrias no mundo sem nenhum critério. Reciclar lixo, por exemplo, não garante que uma empresa ou produto é adepto de práticas sustentáveis. O conceito é bem mais complexo e se baseia em três grandes pilares: econômico (mais dinheiro para o produtor que terá conhecimento de gestão), ambiental (respeito ao meio ambiente) e social (respeito ao trabalhador).Para falar sobre esse assunto completo, contei com a técnica agrícola na Cooabriel, Samara Batista e o assessor de imprensa da Plataforma Global do Café, Bruno Pessa. Nessa conversa aprendi, por exemplo, que ser sustentável não é ser orgânico e que ainda temos um looooooonnnnggooo caminho pela frente aqui no Brasil.Item Caracterização de vermicomposto produzido com palha de café e esterco bovino(Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, 2015) Nascimento, Alex Favaro; Pires, Fábio Ribeiro; Czepak, Marcio Paulo; Fernandes, Adriano Alves; Rodrigues, José de OliveiraApesar do conhecimento que se tem sobre os benefícios do húmus de minhoca ou vermicomposto há necessidade de se avaliar a viabilidade técnica de utilização de outras fontes de carbono para as minhocas. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da palha de café associada ao esterco bovino para produção de vermi-composto sobre as minhocas e a qualidade do húmus obtido. Os tratamentos foram constituídos de: 1) Esterco Bovino 100%; 2) Palha de Café 25% + Esterco Bovino 75%; 3) Palha de Café 50% + Esterco Bovino 50%; 4) Palha de Café 75% + Esterco Bovino 25%; e 5) Palha de Café 100%. A palha de café e o esterco permanece-ram incubados por 64 dias para que ficassem disponíveis para a alimentação das minhocas e mais 84 dias para digestão do substrato. A palha de café não interferiu no incremento populacional das minhocas. O aumento percentual da palha na constituição do vermicomposto aumentou a disponibilidade de N, K, Ca e Cu, mas redu-ziu em P, Mg, S, Mn, Fe e Zn. Visando o fornecimento médio de nutrientes, a proporção de 50% de palha de café e 50% de esterco de bovino é a mais indicada.Item Soil quality in two coffee crop systems in the Amazon biome(Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola - UFCG, 2020) Henrique, Nirvani S.; Maltoni, Katia L.; Faria, Glaucia A.The form of occupation of the state of Rondônia, Brazil, favored the extensive agriculture, which resulted in a fast deforestation. The removal of forests and inadequate soil management and use, combined with a hot and wet climate, affected the soil chemical, physical, and biological attributes. In search for less impacting and alternatives that promote greater soil conservation for coffee production in the North region of Brazil, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of two coffee crop systems on the soil chemical and microbiological attributes. The treatments consisted of a shaded coffee crop (SCC) and a full-sun coffee crop (FCC). A completely randomized design was used, with four clusters per treatment and seven sampling points per cluster, which constituted a replication, totaling 28 replications per treatment. The data were collected in April 2018, in a rural property in the municipality of Cacoal, state of Rondônia, Brazil (11º21’50’’S, 61º20’10’’W, and altitude of 238 m). The soil organic matter, pH, P, K, Ca, Mg, Al, H+Al, base saturation, and basal respiration were determined. The soil under SCC had higher Ca content, pH, and base saturation, and lower potential acidity (H+Al) and Al content than that under FCC. The litterfall on the soil under FCC presented higher N and Mg contents. The soil basal respiration increased in the first 5 cm depth in the treatment with SCC.Item Selection of fungal isolates with potential for phosphate solubilation and formulation of inoculant for coffee crops(Editora UFLA, 2019-07) Chalfoun, Sara Maria; Angélico, Caroline Lima; Resende, Mário Lúcio Vilela de; Moraes, Graziella Evaristo deThe dependence on chemical fertilizers for the future of agriculture will result in additional soil health losses, possibility of water contamination and continued currency avoidance due to the increasing dependence on imports. The indiscriminate use of synthetic fertilizers has polluted the soil and watersheds, destroying useful microorganisms and insects, what makes crops more susceptible to diseases. Considering this critical scenario, microorganisms have stood out as a potential alternative for maintaining the productivity, reliability and sustainability of the global food chain. In order to increase the productivity and/or reduce the amount of fertilizers, as well as to meet the requirements for the use of low-solubility phosphorus sources, microorganisms were isolated from the rhizosphere and artificially cultivated. Subsequently, they were selected regarding their potential for solubilizing phosphorus and incorporated into a low-cost matrix. A microbial inoculant was thus developed and tested in a coffee crop. It was possible to formulate an inoculant based on an isolate selected from Aspergillus niger, using an inactivated seed and sodium alginate as matrices. It was also observed that there was a greater correlation between the evaluated parameters and increasing doses of the inoculants when Araxá apatite was used as source of phosphorus, proving the importance of the inoculants as release factors and availability of phosphorus in the case of sources less soluble, giving Brazilian agriculture greater autonomy in the input market.Item Models identity generated in neutron probe calibration in latosol cultivated with coffee and signalgrass(Editora UFLA, 2018-10) Borges, Inácio Barbosa; Rocha, Omar Cruz; Malaquias, Juaci Vitória; Fagioli, Marcelo; Sá, Marcos Aurélio Carolino de; Guerra, Antônio FernandoThe cover plants affects soil spatial variability interfering with soil moisture and density, leading to doubts about the need for calibration of the neutron probe for different management systems. The objective of this study was to evaluate the Model Identity Method in the verification of equality of linear regressions resulting from the calibration of a neutron probe for different layers, as a function of signalgrass management as a cover crop between rows of soil coffee crop in the Brazilian Central Cerrado. Aluminum tubes were installed to access the probe and two saturation basins were built in a coffee area, irrigated by a central pivot, in an Oxisol, with two management systems, T (Traditional with bare soil) and Sg (Signalgrass in the row). Samples were taken at depths of 0-0.20; 0.20-0.40; 0.40-0.60; and 0.60-0.80 m for determination of gravimetric moisture and density, and the volumetric moisture was determined to follow the drying of the soil. Concomitantly, measurements were taken with the neutron probe in these layers. Two calibration curves were constructed for each layer, which were compared by the above method. It was observed that treatment Sg yielded differences in soil water storage in the 0.20- 0.40 m layer, differing from treatment T. The statistical method allowed the observation of equality of regressions between treatments Sg and T at depths 0-0.20, 0.40-0.60, and 0.60-0.80 m; it also showed the need for different regression curves per layer, besides justifying the need for neutron probe calibration for each specific local condition.Item Características da certificação na cafeicultura brasileira(Universidade Federal de Lavras, 2011-07) Moreira, Cassio Franco; Fernandes, Elisabete A. de Nadai; Vian, Carlos Eduardo de FreitasO mercado cada vez mais demanda produtos agrícolas certificados. Os países de primeiro mundo, principalmente, exigem em seus produtos informações sobre o processo produtivo e origem, visando tanto à sustentabilidade socioambiental quanto à qualidade intrínseca do produto. O consumidor quer saber como seu alimento foi produzido. Produtos certificados, de acordo com diferentes padrões, estão cada vez mais presentes nas prateleiras de supermercados do mundo todo. Na cafeicultura, isso se repete, talvez sendo o setor agrícola nacional mais evoluído quanto à certificação, muito à frente de outros produtos agrícolas. Diferentes padrões de certificação estão presentes na cafeicultura brasileira hoje, os principais sendo Orgânico, Fair Trade (FT), Utz Certified (UC) e Rain Forest Alliance (RA). Entretanto, cada um desses padrões cobre diferentes aspectos e seus respectivos produtos chegam ao mercado carregados com características distintas. Importante é a caracterização de cada certificação, bem como a sua exposição aos produtores e consumidores para que tomem sua decisão de forma clara e consciente. A certificação de café no Brasil tem contribuído muito para consideráveis melhorias socioambientais no setor produtivo, bem como para a organização interna das propriedades. A certificação na cafeicultura nacional continuará em crescimento e seus benefícios, aos poucos, estão chegando à sociedade.Item Energetic sustainability of three arabica coffee growing systems used by family farming units in espírito santo state(Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola, 2015-05) Muner, Lúcio H. de; Masera, Omar; Fornazier, Maurício J.; Souza, Cássio V. de; Loreto, Maria das D. S. deThree growing systems of Arabica coffee were evaluated under the energy perspective, in the state of Espírito Santo in Brazil. The systems are conventional cultivation (CC), cultivation with good agricultural practices (CGP) and organic farming (OF). It was made a comparison of the energy flows within these three systems to show sustainable levels of each one based on production average data of several family- farming units. Therefore, we analyzed crop yield, total energy efficiency reverse (TEER), energy efficiency of ripe coffee (EERC) and non- renewable energy efficiency (NREE). OF system had values for TEER, EERC and NREE of 3.3 4.7 and 7.9 respectively. Yet CC showed values of 1.8, 1.9 and 1.6 for TEER, EERC and NREE respectively. Furthermore, CGP presented values for TEER, EERC and NREE of 0.7, 1.3 and 1.4 respectively. The highest yield was observed in CGP, reaching an amount of 1794 kg ha-1 (17,455 MJ); however, this system expends more energy than it converts. Thus, over those points, OF is the most sustainable system.Item Conductivity to rust in coffee under different wooden and fruit tree intercropping systems(Editora UFLA, 2018-04) Chalfoun, Sara Maria; Martins, Carla de Pádua; Matos, Christiano Sousa Machado; Pereira, Alessandro Botelho; Silva, Vicentina NazaréThe coffee intercropping with fruit and wooden species of economic value has been presented as a viable alternative for coffee cultivation in order to mitigate adverse environmental conditions for coffee trees, among other factors. Adapting the crop management to the new conditions stablished by the system is fundamental to obtain success on intercropping. One of the most serious diseases for the crop is the rust caused by Hemileia vastatrix., which may have its severity increased in function of the microclimate conditions provided by the trees. In this sense, the disease behavior under different intercropping systems and consequent different need to adapt the control measures when compared to the cultivation in full sun should be investigated. The present study was conducted aimed to verify the impact of tree systems composed by three wooden species, Cedar (Acrocarpos fraxinifolius), African mahogany (Khaya ivorensis ), Teak (Tectona grandis ) and two species of fruit trees, avocado (Persea Americana) and macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia) planted in different spacing over the occurrence and evolution of rust.It was possible to observe that coffee rust began to progress in the coffee plants from the month of February reaching a peak in September in all the treatments. Differences were observed in the progress curves of the disease, especially in the species that presented larger canopy such as avocado. Further studies are suggested with the purpose of establishing the microclimatic changes provided by the cultivation of different wooden and fruit species in intercropping with coffee, according to the dynamics of the climate and their development.