Coffee Science
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://thoth.dti.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3355
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Selection of fungal isolates with potential for phosphate solubilation and formulation of inoculant for coffee crops(Editora UFLA, 2019-07) Chalfoun, Sara Maria; Angélico, Caroline Lima; Resende, Mário Lúcio Vilela de; Moraes, Graziella Evaristo deThe dependence on chemical fertilizers for the future of agriculture will result in additional soil health losses, possibility of water contamination and continued currency avoidance due to the increasing dependence on imports. The indiscriminate use of synthetic fertilizers has polluted the soil and watersheds, destroying useful microorganisms and insects, what makes crops more susceptible to diseases. Considering this critical scenario, microorganisms have stood out as a potential alternative for maintaining the productivity, reliability and sustainability of the global food chain. In order to increase the productivity and/or reduce the amount of fertilizers, as well as to meet the requirements for the use of low-solubility phosphorus sources, microorganisms were isolated from the rhizosphere and artificially cultivated. Subsequently, they were selected regarding their potential for solubilizing phosphorus and incorporated into a low-cost matrix. A microbial inoculant was thus developed and tested in a coffee crop. It was possible to formulate an inoculant based on an isolate selected from Aspergillus niger, using an inactivated seed and sodium alginate as matrices. It was also observed that there was a greater correlation between the evaluated parameters and increasing doses of the inoculants when Araxá apatite was used as source of phosphorus, proving the importance of the inoculants as release factors and availability of phosphorus in the case of sources less soluble, giving Brazilian agriculture greater autonomy in the input market.Item Conductivity to rust in coffee under different wooden and fruit tree intercropping systems(Editora UFLA, 2018-04) Chalfoun, Sara Maria; Martins, Carla de Pádua; Matos, Christiano Sousa Machado; Pereira, Alessandro Botelho; Silva, Vicentina NazaréThe coffee intercropping with fruit and wooden species of economic value has been presented as a viable alternative for coffee cultivation in order to mitigate adverse environmental conditions for coffee trees, among other factors. Adapting the crop management to the new conditions stablished by the system is fundamental to obtain success on intercropping. One of the most serious diseases for the crop is the rust caused by Hemileia vastatrix., which may have its severity increased in function of the microclimate conditions provided by the trees. In this sense, the disease behavior under different intercropping systems and consequent different need to adapt the control measures when compared to the cultivation in full sun should be investigated. The present study was conducted aimed to verify the impact of tree systems composed by three wooden species, Cedar (Acrocarpos fraxinifolius), African mahogany (Khaya ivorensis ), Teak (Tectona grandis ) and two species of fruit trees, avocado (Persea Americana) and macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia) planted in different spacing over the occurrence and evolution of rust.It was possible to observe that coffee rust began to progress in the coffee plants from the month of February reaching a peak in September in all the treatments. Differences were observed in the progress curves of the disease, especially in the species that presented larger canopy such as avocado. Further studies are suggested with the purpose of establishing the microclimatic changes provided by the cultivation of different wooden and fruit species in intercropping with coffee, according to the dynamics of the climate and their development.Item Estudo sobre boas práticas agrícolas em uma associação de cafeicultores familiares por meio da análise de Clusters(Editora UFLA, 2017-01) Rosa, Beatriz Terezinha; Borges, Luís Antônio Coimbra; Pereira, Sergio Parreiras; Antonialli, Luís Marcelo; Chalfoun, Sara Maria; Baliza, Danielle PereiraPara acessar mercados de maior valor, faz-se necessário que os agricultores familiares atendam às exigências de qualidade e diferenciação sendo a certificação uma ferramenta de gestão que pode ser exigida neste contexto. As normas de certificação são baseadas nos princípios das boas práticas agrícolas. O objetivo neste estudo foi caracterizar as boas práticas agrícolas utilizadas para a produção de café pelos produtores da Associação de Agricultores Familiares (AFASA) em Santo Antônio do Amparo, MG, por meio da análise de Clusters. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio de um questionário estruturado do tipo survey, respondido por todos os membros da Associação. O questionário original da pesquisa foi dividido em duas partes. No entanto, para esta pesquisa foi utilizada apenas a segunda parte, que continha 104 variáveis em uma escala de pontos: 1, “não se aplica na propriedade”, 2, “não possuo ou não realizo”, 3, “de vez em quando ou parcialmente”, 4, “sempre, ou sim” em relação à realização das práticas agrícolas adotadas na propriedade. Os dados foram tabulados e analisados pelo software SPSS. Foi realizada a análise estatística multivariada de cluster; técnica que objetiva agrupar os indivíduos (casos) com características semelhantes em função de um conjunto de variáveis selecionadas que separou, neste caso, os produtores em dois grupos distintos. Neste artigo foram discutidas as variáveis da segunda parte do questionário que apresentaram diferenças significativas maiores que p< 0,05 pelo teste de Qui-quadrado de Pearson entre os dois grupos de produtores. Os produtores do grupo 2 apresentaram características de maior organização diante dos princípios das BPA’s.