Coffee Science
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://thoth.dti.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3355
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Initial growth of coffee plants associated with the use of kaolinite and adjuvant(Universidade Federal de Lavras, 2023-04-04) Costa, Bruna Penha; Tsutsumi, Cláudio Yuji; Rego, Carlos Augusto Rocha de MoraesAbiotic stresses cause significant damage to coffee plants’ development. Seeking solutions to mitigate them, studies about antiperspirant action have been intensified, for instance, kaolinite, which produces a film of particles with reflexive properties. In this context, this experiment aims to evaluate the effects of applying kaolinite doses in different colors with or without the addition of adjuvant on biometric variables during coffee plants’ initial growth. The randomized block design was used with three repetitions in an incomplete factorial scheme with an additional treatment, resulting in 11 treatments and 33 plots. The first factor comprised three kaolinite doses (20, 40, and 60 g); the second factor had two kaolinite colors (white and cream), and the third factor was the absence or presence of an adjuvant, also including an additional treatment (control). The plot consisted of four seedlings of the cultivar IPR 100. It was observed that the plant height (PH), number of plagiotropic branches (NPB), leaf area index (LAI), leaf dry matter (LDM), shoot dry matter (SHDM), root dry matter (RDM), and total dry matter (TDM) presented significant differences. Regarding PH, the dose of 40 g of cream kaolinite increased 7.07 cm more than the control. For LAI, the dose of 40 g with adjuvant had a 97.65 increase. For LDM and TDM, the dose of 40 g of white kaolinite with adjuvant presented respective increases of 5.2 and 12.78 g. The application of white kaolinite with adjuvant increased SHDM by 4.52 g. For RDM, the dose of 40 g of white kaolinite with adjuvant increased 6.51 g more than the control. The dose of 40 g of white kaolinite with adjuvant had a higher effect on the biometric variables.Item Effect of indole-3-acetic acid on growth, physiology and nutritional status of young arabica coffee plants(Universidade Federal de Lavras, 2023-01-20) Erlacher, Wellington Abeldt; Amaral, José Francisco Teixeira do; Amaral, José Augusto Teixeira do; Christo, Bruno Fardim; Ferreira, Daniel Soares; Tatagiba, Sandro Dan; Rocha, Brunno Cesar Pereira; Tomaz, Marcelo Antonio; Rodrigues, Wagner Nunes; Partelli, Fábio LuizCoffee is one of the main agricultural commodities in the world. Thus, research aimed at reducing the productive risks of the crop has been increasingly encouraged, among which the use of plant hormones stands out. In addition, the objective of this work was to analyze the effect of the application of indole-3-acetic acid on the growth, nutrition and gas exchange of young Coffea arabica L plants. The experiment was carried out in the field in the city of Alegre, Espírito Santo, Brazil. The experimental design used was randomized blocks, testing the effect of the application of five doses of indole-3-acetic acid in young Arabica coffee plants, in four replications. The application of indole-3-acetic acid stimulates the growth rate of the stem diameter at a concentration of 60 mg L-1, as well as gas exchange in coffee plants, however it did not favor the increase in the substomatic concentration of CO2 instantaneous and intrinsic efficiency in water use and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency. Although the application of EIA was not able to provide direct gains in coffee growth during the experimental period, a longer evaluation of the treatments would possibly provide promising results for the coffee crop. The multivariate analysis showed that higher doses of auxin have a high relationship with the macronutrients studied.Item Looking for adjustments to severe drought in coffee: lessons of a rainfall exclusion plot in the Southern Brazil(Universidade Federal de Lavras, 2022-12-29) Silva, Debora Valim da; Naves, Vicente Luiz; Toro-Herrera, Mayra Alejandra; Vieira, Daniel Amorim; Mendonça, Ane Marcela das Chagas; Rambal, Serge; Barbosa, João Paulo Rodrigues Alves DelfinoRainfall exclusion experiments allow us assessing the effects of environmental stresses such as long-term water limitations on both leaf and canopy structural traits. This work aimed to evaluate how leaf anatomical traits and canopy development of productive coffee trees change when submitted to more dry conditions in the southern region of Minas Gerais - Brazil. The experimental plots have been set up in a plantation area in which is growing Coffea arabica L. cv. Mundo Novo- IAC 379-19, in a completely randomized arrangement, composed by three treatments: Control (C) - no gutter system; Control plus roof (Ĉ) and Exclusion system (E). Leaf anatomical and canopy traits were determined within a year at the end of each season: late Spring- 2015 (Sp), and late Summer (Su), late Autumn (Au) and late Winter (Wi) - 2016. During the studied period the rainfall exclusion condition led to a reduction in the relative water content (RWC) of leaves. In the leaf-level, as the dry condition increase, the leaves invested in thicker cuticles, reduced xylem and phloem areas and smaller stomata, especially with the rainfall exclusion. In the canopy-level, there was a remarkable reduction in leaf area index (LAI) especially in the winter as a strategy of reduction of transpiratory area, when the availability of water decreased around 25%. In a context of reduced water availability due to effects of climate change, coffee trees may be able to present modifications at both levels, to cope with the effects of this abiotic stress.Item Initial performance of coffee trees with different fertilizationand irrigation management(Universidade Federal de Lavras, 2022-06-09) Silva Júnior, José Geraldo da; Pin, Iago Parmanhani; Ferreira, Daniel Soares; Castanheira, Dalyse ToledoCoffee is one of the main agricultural commodities in the world. However, due to its sensitivity to water stress and changes in the availability of finite sources of nutrients and the constant search for a more sustainable agriculture, it is necessary to modulate the responses of plants to soil water and the real nutritional demand of the coffee tree. Thus, the objective of this work was to analyze the initial performance of arabica coffee grown with or without water restriction and with five different soil fertilization managements, in order to propose more techniques to optimize coffee production. The exper-iment was carried out in a greenhouse, in the experimental area of the Federal University of Viçosa, in the city of Viçosa-MG. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 2x5 factorial scheme, with two irrigation depths (40% and 80% of the available water in the soil) and five fertilization managements (conventional 100% of the recommended dose, controlled release of 80 and 100% of N and recommended K and organomineral 80 and 100% N and K of the recommended dose). In view of the observed results, it can be observed that water restriction in the initial period of coffee develop-ment provided a reduction in the variables of root and shoot growth of the plants, regardless of the soil fertilization management used. In environments with greater water restriction, no significant difference was observed between the studied fertilizers and in an environment without water restriction, the controlled release fertilizer 80% presented the highest global growth averages. Water management provided a greater effect on coffee nutrient dynamics than duly studied fertilization management.Item Alternative treatments diminish oviposition and viability of Leucoptera coffeella (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae) eggs and larvae on coffee plants(Editora UFLA, 2021) Androcioli, Humberto Godoy; Hoshino, Adriano Thibes; Meneghin, Ana Maria; Ventura, Mauricio Ursi; Guide, Bruna Aparecida; Hata, Fernando Teruhiko; Menezes Junior, Ayres de OliveiraThe effects of alternative treatments on the oviposition and viability of Leucoptera coffeella eggs and larvae were evaluated. Under controlled conditions, coffee sprouts cv. IAPAR-59, eight months old, were sprayed with brown propolis extract (1%), pyroligneous extract with pepper and garlic (PEPG) (2%), silicate clay (2%), kaolin (5%), lime sulfur (2%), neem oil (1%) and kaolin + neem oil (5% + 1%), distilled water and no treatment. In a first no-choice bioassay, coffee sprouts were sprayed before oviposition and kept in cages, where adult insects within three days after emergence were released. Adults remained in the cages for 24 hours. Eggs were then counted. 10 eggs per sprout were preserved to verify larval mortality. The number of eggs when treated with propolis extract, neem oil, kaolin + neem oil and PEPG decreased in the evaluations. Treatments with neem oil caused greater larval hindrance. Eggs laid on leaves were also sprayed with the treatments. Egg viability was reduced by treatments containing neem oil and lime sulfur. Neem oil treatments resulted in slim adult emergence; intermediate viability with lime sulfur and slight hindrance with silicate clay. Finally, treatments were also sprayed on leaves, hosting first or third instar larvae. Neem treatment caused high mortality for 1st and 3rd instar larvae, however, this effect was reduced when mixed with kaolin. Nonetheless, these negative effects disappeared when considering the adult survival ratio. Results indicated that propolis extract, PEPG and neem oil treatments are suitable for reducing egg deposition, neem oil considerably diminished larvae survival and adult emergence.Item Water retainer polymer in coffee plants deployment under different levels of irrigation(Editora UFLA, 2021) Resende, Thales Barcelos; Souza, Victor Hugo Silva; Castanheira, Dalyse Toledo; Carvalho, Milene Alves de Figueiredo; Guimarães, Rubens JoséThe use of water-retaining polymers may be a feasible alternative in regions with low water availability, as they has enhance the performance of coffee plants with more favorable anatomical characteristics to make physiological processes more efficient. However, the advantages of such use have been scarcely reported. Here, we studied the feasibility of using a water-retaining polymer to optimize irrigation water use during the establishment of a coffee plantation. A randomized block design was used in a factorial scheme (4 × 2) with three replications for a total of 24 experimental plots, each consisting of four pots, with one plant per unit. The experiment was installed in a greenhouse at the Coffee Science Department of the Universidade Federal de Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil, with four levels of irrigation (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of soil water at field capacity), with or without addition of the water-retaining polymer. Growth variables evaluated included: plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, shoot and root dry weights, root volume and area. Additionally, gas exchange, leaf water potential, and leaf anatomy were analyzed. The use of water-retaining polymer during establishment of the coffee plantation ensured sufficient water supply, thus guaranteeing plant anatomical and physiological functionality and, consequently, a healthy, vigorous growth.Item Leaf anatomy, physiology and vegetative growth of fertigated Coffee arabica L. trees after exposure to pruning(Editora UFLA, 2021) Soares, Daiane dos Santos; Silva, Elisângela Aparecida da; Carvalho, Milene Alves de Figueiredo; Pereira, Fernanda Aparecida Castro; Guimarães, Rubens JoséIn coffee plants, fertigation can be an alternative way to minimize the negative effects exerted by drought and maximize fertilizer use efficiency. However, the fertilization recommendations for fertigated coffee trees are still not very specific, and the recommendations for rainfed crops are used. In addition, little is known about the nutritional requirements for fertigated coffee trees that have undergone the low recepa pruning treatment. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) fertilizers on leaf anatomy, physiology, and veg etative growth of fertigated coffee trees (Coffea arabica L.) that have been under the low recepa pruning treatment. During the first five years of growth, the cultivar Topázio MG-1190 of the coffee crop received 10, 40, 70, 100, 130, and 160% of the fertilization levels recommended for the rainfed coffee crop. After this period, the crop was exposed to low recepa pruning. It was concluded that different doses of N, P, and K fertilizers modified the internal structure of coffee plant leaves, as well as physiological responses and plant growth; there was stronger vegetative growth, sharper leaf blade, greater thickness of spongy parenchyma, larger phloem area, and higher xylem relative hydraulic conductivity as the N, P, and K fertilizer levels in fertigated coffee (Coffea arabica L.) plants, which received the low recepa pruning treatment, increased. This knowledge can be used as a solid basis for main fertilization recommendations for fertigated coffee trees after exposure to the low recepa pruning treatment.Item Manganese and fluorine suppress bacterial blight on coffee seedlings grown in a nutrient solution(Editora UFLA, 2021) Velloso, Jeanny Alice; Pozza, Edson Ampelio; Pozza, Adelia Aziz Alexandre; Silva, Humberson Rocha; Pérez, Cristian David Plaza; Souza, José Otávio Gusmão deThe use of manganese (Mn) and fluorine (F) in the management of bacterial blight were evaluated in coffee seedlings grown in a nutrient solution. The experiment was carried out with the cultivar Catuaí Vermelho IAC 99. The treatments consisted of the combination of five doses of Mn with five of F, applied via leaf, using Mn sulfate and sodium fluoride, in a 5x5 factorial scheme. The plants were inoculated with bacterial suspension seven days after foliar application of F and Mn doses. The incidence and severity assessments were performed at an interval of 24 hours for 10 days. Photosynthetic activity was assessed using the infrared gas analyzer. Stomatal conductance, photosynthesis, transpiration, PAR radiation and internal CO2 were ana lyzed. The chlorophyll content was calculated indirectly. The leaf analysis was performed by digestion in HNO3 to determine the levels of Mn. Variables such as Area Under Incidence Disease Progress (AUIDP), Area Under Severity Disease Progress (AUSDP), chlorophyll a, b, and total concentrations and photosynthesis were submitted to the Shapiro-Wilk test. The treatment means were subjected to linear regression analysis. Data were analyzed using software R. There was a significant interaction (P <0.05) between the concentrations of Mn and F for the AUIDP and (AUSDP). Doses between 0.7 and 1.4 g L-1 of Mn combined with doses of 0.10 to 0.12 g L-1 of F were more effective in suppressing the bacterial blight, after analysis for both variables. The increase in Mn concentrations in leaves reduced liquid photosynthesis. The interaction between Mn and F suppressed the bacterial blight intensity of the coffee plants in nutrient solution.Item Determination of physical and chemical quality of coffee beans under improved potassium fertilization managements(Editora UFLA, 2021) Moreira, Diulie Talita; Mellis, Estêvão Vicari; Giomo, Gerson Silva; Teixeira, Luiz Antonio Junqueira; Cavalli, Edilson; Ramos, Lucas FerreiraCoffee quality is the key attribute for establishing its price and commercialization. As the classification of coffee quality is a complex process, mainly based on a subjective judgment, difficult to define and measure, a complementary approach to the current procedures involving physical and chemical methods would bring more effectiveness to the process of quality determination. The chemical composition of the coffee bean is influenced by several factors, among them the nutritional management of coffee trees and, the use of potassium chloride (KCl), which has intensified losses in bean quality due to excessive chlorine in its composition. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of sources and forms of K application in the quality of beans, and assessment of methodologies for determination of physical and chemical qualities of beans. The experiment was conducted with Yellow Ca tuaí cultivar, from 2017 to 2019, in a randomized experimental block design with five replicates. Six treatments were applied, containing proportions of KCl/K2SO4, as follows: T1-100% KCl; T2-75%/25%; T3-50%/50%; T4-25%/75%; T5-100% of K2SO4 and T6-100% of KCl + two foliar K2SO4 applications. The variables addressed in the study were sensory analysis, screen of beans, electrical conductivity (EC), potassium leaching (KL), titratable total acidity (TTA), and coffee bean color. It was verified that KL, EC, and other chromatic parameters were efficient in detecting alterations on coffee bean caused by the use of KC1. Total (T5) or partial (T4) replacement of KC1 by K2SO4 applied to soil improved chemical characteristics and color of coffee beans. Supplemental foliar fertilization with K2SO4 (T6) was efficient to minimize deleterious effects of KCl on quality of coffee beans, improving beverage quality and grain size, especially in high productive harvests.Item Canopy volume and application rate interaction on spray deposition for different phenological stages of coffee crop(Editora UFLA, 2020) Alves, Thales Cassemiro; Cunha, João Paulo Arantes Rodrigues da; Alves, Guilherme Sousa; Silva, Sérgio Macedo; Lemes, Ernane MirandaCoffee plants (Coffea arabica L.) present dense foliage that obstruct the entering of pesticides inside the plant canopy uniformly. Adjust the application rate concerning the plant canopy volume can be a way to make the pesticide applications more efficient. The objective of this study was to evaluate the deposition of spray solution on coffee leaves with different volumes of plant canopy and different application rates; additionally, to determine the specific volume indexes for different coffee phenological stages. The studies of coffee leaf deposition were performed on commercial fields of C. arabica – Topázio MG 1190 and Catuaí Vermelho IAC 99 cultivars, in different months. Three volumes of vegetation ranging from 8.572 to 16.200 m3 ha-1 - obtained from the calculation of tree-row volume (TRV) performed in 20 plants - and five application rates (200, 300, 400, 600 and 800 L ha-1) and in each phenological stage (maturation, post-harvest, grain filling) were evaluated in a randomized block design with five replications. A bright blue marker was added to the spray solution to be detected by spectrophotometry in order to study the spray deposition and losses to the soil. After the treatment applications, ten coffee leaves corresponding to the 1st pair of leaf from an orthotropic branch of each third of the coffee plant (upper, middle, lower) were randomly collected. Petri dishes were used to evaluate the losses to the soil. The TRV and leaf density should be considered together in the definition of the application rate for coffee protection. It is also possible to reduce the application rate to values close to 200 L ha-1. The volume indexes for each coffee phenological stage were defined for proper canopy wetting and low losses to the soil.