Coffee Science
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://thoth.dti.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3355
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Item Histochemical approach of the mobilization of reserve compounds in germinating coffee seeds(Editora UFLA, 2020) Oliveira, Leonardo Araujo; Souza, Genaina Aparecida de; Silva, Bruno Tavares; Rocha, Antônio Augusto Gomes; Picoli, Edgard Augusto de Toledo; Pereira, Diego de Sousa; Donzeles, Sérgio Maurício Lopes; Ribeiro, Marcelo de Freitas; Ferreira, Williams Pinto MarquesThe endosperm of coffee beans is an important structure which is composed of different reserve compounds. In the present study, we followed anatomical features during the reserve mobilization of Coffea arabica L. cv ‘Catuaí’ seed samples, harvested at 20 different sites, after 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 30 and 45 days of imbibition. Seed samples were properly stored for enzyme activity assessment and fixed in FAA solution (formaldehyde, acetic acid and ethanol, 1; 1; 18) and kept in ethanol 70% solution, for histochemical analysis. Alternatively, samples for phenolic compounds histochemical test were fixed in Ferrous sulfate in formalin. Fixed samples were cross-sectioned for detection of starch, lipids, essential oils, oleoresins, proteins, phenolic compounds, neutral polysaccharides, alkaloids, β-1,3 and β-1,4 glucans, and lignin. Overall, based on histochemical tests and enzyme activity, seed reserve mobilization was similar among the evaluated altitudes and mountainsides. During soaking, there is an intense consumption of reserve compounds, starting at the region close to the embryo. Reserve mobilization intensifies after root protrusion, from 12 days of soaking. The intensification of the reserve consumption concomitant with an increased activity of MDH is observed at the first 12 days, whereas SOD showed higher expression after 30 days of soaking. At the 30th day, little reserve is observed in the endosperm. At 45th day, cotyledon leaves are expanded, and the root system, constituted by the taproot and lateral roots, is well established.Item Coffee protects cardiovascular health by maintaining the structure of coronary arterial wall intimal collagen(Editora UFLA, 2020) Susilawati, I Dewa Ayu; Suryono, Suryono; Purwanto, Purwanto; Burlakovs, Juris; Yaro, AbubakarThis study aimed to determine whether coffee consumption affects the structure of coronary arterial wall and protects against coronary artery disease (CAD) in atherosclerotic rat model induced by periodontitis. Rats (n=21) were divided into three groups (i) Coffee group (periodontitis + coffee), (ii) Periodontitis group (no coffee), and (iii) Control group (no periodontitis, no coffee). A single dose of coffee suspension (representing one cup) was given daily by stomach sondation to the rats in the coffee group. The experiment was conducted for 5 wk. At the completion of the experiment, all of rats were sacrificed. Their hearts containing coronary arteries were removed and analyzed by histochemistry assay. In addition, the serum level of collagen degrading enzymes matrix metalloproteinase–2 (MMP–2) was also analyzed using Enzyme–link immunosorbent assay (Elisa). Results demonstrated that coronary atherosclerotic lesions including atheroma, stenosis, and vascular occlusion were rarely identified in the coffee group. The coronary arterial wall demonstrated relatively symmetrical intima-media thickness (IMT) and the lumen diameter remained adequate for blood flow. The intimal collagen was intact, dense and thick. MMP–2 level was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in the coffee group. In conclusion, coffee maintained the structure of coronary arterial wall particularly the intimal collagen, providing protection against CAD. This might also mediate the vascular resistance against rupture and thrombosis that might precipitate the occurrence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS).