Moscas-das-frutas (Diptera: Tephritidae) em cafezais irrigados no norte de Minas Gerais
Data
2015-01
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Editor
Editora UFLA
Resumo
Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, conhecer as espécies de moscas-das-frutas associadas ao cafeeiro, bem como a ocorrência sazonal da espécie mais frequente e os índices de infestação nas condições de semiárido do norte de Minas Gerais. O estudo foi realizado entre abril de 2009 e abril de 2010, em dois cafezais de 0,5 ha cada, irrigados e cultivados a pleno sol com a cultivar Catuaí Vermelho, localizados no município de Jaíba, MG. Semanalmente, foram realizadas coletas de moscas-das- frutas, por meio de frascos caça-moscas tipo McPhail e de frutos maduros. Foram obtidos 106.233 indivíduos nas armadilhas, sendo 106.031 de Ceratitis capitata (Wied.) e 202 de Anastrepha Schiner, pertencentes às espécies A. dissimilis Stone, A. fraterculus (Wied.), A. manihoti Lima, A. obliqua (Macq.), A. pickeli Lima, A. zenildae Zucchi, A. hadropickeli Canal, Uramoto & Zucchi e A. entodonta Canal, Uramoto & Zucchi. Nos frutos foram obtidos 783 espécimes, sendo 779 de C. capitata e quatro machos de Anastrepha spp. Nos meses com maior disponibilidade de frutos foram observados índices de até 83 MAD (moscas/armadilha/dia) na Área 1 e de 132 MAD na Área 2. Os maiores picos populacionais ocorreram no final do período de maturação dos frutos (abril/junho), com um decréscimo após a colheita. Os índices médios de infestação variaram de 0,005 a 0,415 pupários/fruto e 8,0 a 366,76 pupários/kg de fruto. Os cafezais estudados apresentaram altos índices de infestação por moscas-das-frutas e altos índices MAD. Constatou-se a presença do parasitoide Doryctobracon areolatus (Szépligeti) nos frutos coletados, ocorrendo baixas taxas de parasitismo natural.
The objective of this study was to identify the species of fruit flies associated with coffee plants, as well as the seasonal occurrence of the most frequent species and infestation rates in the semiarid region, north of Minas Gerais. The survey was conducted from April 2009 to April 2010 in two coffee plantations of 0.5 ha each one, irrigated and grown under full sun with Red Catuaí cultivar, located in Jaíba, MG . Weekly, there were collections of ripe fruit and for a survey of adult flies were used McPhail traps containing as food bait hydrolyzed protein to 5%. Were obtained 106.233 individuals collected in McPhail traps. From this total, 106,031 belong to Ceratitis capitata (Wied.) and 202 to Anastrepha Schiner : A. dissimilis Stone, A. fraterculus (Wied.), A. manihoti Lima, A. obliqua (Macq.), A. pickeli Lima, A. zenildae Zucchi, A. hadropickeli Canal, Uramoto & Zucchi and A. entodonta Canal, Uramoto & Zucchi .. In fruits were obtained 783 specimens, 779 of these belong to C. capitata and four Anastrepha males no identified. MAD (fly/trap/day) indices rates up to 83 in Area 1 and 132 MAD in Area 2 in the months with higher fruit availability. The highest population peak occurred at the end of the period of fruit maturation (April to June), decreasing after harvesting them. The mean infestation rates ranged 0.005 to 0.415 puparia/fruit and 8 to 366.76 puparia/kg of coffee fruit. The coffee plantations investigated showed high level of infestation of fruit flies and high indices MAD. It was found the presence of the parasitoid Doryctobracon areolatus (Szépligeti) in collected fruits, low rate of natural parasitism occurred.
The objective of this study was to identify the species of fruit flies associated with coffee plants, as well as the seasonal occurrence of the most frequent species and infestation rates in the semiarid region, north of Minas Gerais. The survey was conducted from April 2009 to April 2010 in two coffee plantations of 0.5 ha each one, irrigated and grown under full sun with Red Catuaí cultivar, located in Jaíba, MG . Weekly, there were collections of ripe fruit and for a survey of adult flies were used McPhail traps containing as food bait hydrolyzed protein to 5%. Were obtained 106.233 individuals collected in McPhail traps. From this total, 106,031 belong to Ceratitis capitata (Wied.) and 202 to Anastrepha Schiner : A. dissimilis Stone, A. fraterculus (Wied.), A. manihoti Lima, A. obliqua (Macq.), A. pickeli Lima, A. zenildae Zucchi, A. hadropickeli Canal, Uramoto & Zucchi and A. entodonta Canal, Uramoto & Zucchi .. In fruits were obtained 783 specimens, 779 of these belong to C. capitata and four Anastrepha males no identified. MAD (fly/trap/day) indices rates up to 83 in Area 1 and 132 MAD in Area 2 in the months with higher fruit availability. The highest population peak occurred at the end of the period of fruit maturation (April to June), decreasing after harvesting them. The mean infestation rates ranged 0.005 to 0.415 puparia/fruit and 8 to 366.76 puparia/kg of coffee fruit. The coffee plantations investigated showed high level of infestation of fruit flies and high indices MAD. It was found the presence of the parasitoid Doryctobracon areolatus (Szépligeti) in collected fruits, low rate of natural parasitism occurred.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Anastrepha spp, Ceratitis capitata, Coffea arabica, Índice de infestação
Citação
CAMARGOS, M. G. et al. Moscas-das-frutas (Diptera: Tephritidae) em cafezais irrigados no norte de Minas Gerais. Coffee Science, Lavras, v. 10, n. 1, p. 28-37, jan./mar. 2015.