Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://thoth.dti.ufv.br/handle/123456789/12090
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Item Use of Coffee Capsules as Support Material in Upflow Anaerobic Fixed Bed Reactors(Instituto de Tecnologia do Paraná - Tecpar, 2019) Souza, Gabriela Rezende de; Oliveira, Luiz Fernando Coutinho de; Bello, Italoema Pinheiro; Siniscalchi, Luciene Alves Batista; Fia, Ronaldo; Gandia, Rômulo MarçalThe aim of this work is to evaluate the performance of upflow anaerobic fixed bed reactors filled with espresso coffee capsules to treat sanitary sewage. Three reactors (R1, R2 and R3) were constructed in blue PVC pipes measuring 30 cm height and 150 mm diameter and filled with coffee capsules made of aluminum and plastic. The sewage from the pre-treatment phase of the wastewater treatment plant of the Federal University of Lavras fed the system. Temperature, pH, alkalinity and volatile acids concentration, COD, TS, TVS and TSS of the influent and effluent were analyzed to evaluate the reactors performances. Statistics tests were run in the software Statistica 10. Changes occurred in the organic loading rates caused two different operating phases, one at an OLR of 2.1 kg COD m-3d-1 and another at 4.0 kg COD m-3d-1. The average temperature during the monitoring period was 18°C. In spite of the operating conditions variations, the reactors showed satisfactory performances, presenting COD efficiency removals up to 80% in both phases. The capsules characteristics were similar to other materials used as support. Hence, it is possible to utilize coffee capsules as support material in anaerobic reactors, providing satisfactory pollutants removal efficiencies.Item Influence of Silver Nitrate on Somatic Embryogenesis Induction in Arabica Coffee (Coffea arabica L.)(Instituto de Tecnologia do Paraná - Tecpar, 2019) Rojas-Lorz, Laura; Arrieta-Espinoza, Griselda; Valdez-Melara, Marta; Pereira, Luiz Filipe Protasio; Gatica-Arias, AndrésThe influence of silver nitrate (AgNO3), benzyladenine (BAP), and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) on low frequency somatic embryogenesis (LFSE) induction in Caturra and Catuaí arabica coffee was evaluated. For the Caturra cultivar, the production of somatic embryos was significantly increased by adding AgNO3 to the semisolid culture medium. The highest average number of somatic embryos for this cultivar was obtained using 6.6 μM BAP, 2.85 μM IAA, and 40 μM AgNO3. In contrast, for the Catuaí cultivar, the highest average number of somatic embryos was obtained using semisolid medium supplemented with 8.8 μM BAP, and 2.85 μM IAA. Using these protocols, somatic embryos were directly induced using leaf sections of in vitro plants of both coffee cultivars within 8 weeks. The somatic embryos developed into rooted plants with a 100% survival rate upon transfer to the greenhouse.Item Molecular characterization of arabica and conilon coffee plants genotypes by ssr and issr markers(Instituto de Tecnologia do Paraná - Tecpar, 2014-09) Motta, Ludymila Brandão; Soares, Taís Cristina Bastos; Ferrão, Maria Amélia Gava; Caixeta, Eveline Teixeira; Lorenzoni, Rodrigo Monte; Souza Neto, José Dias deThe molecular characterization of ten genotypes of the Coffea arabica plants and of seven genotypes of C. canephora having interesting features for coffee breeding programs was carried to select the parents for breeding. A total of 40 SSR and 29 ISSR primers were used. The primers generated a total of 331 (307 polymorphic and 24 monomorphic) bands. Analysis of genetic diversity presented dissimilarity intervals ranging from 0.22 to 0.44 between the Conilon genotypes, from 0.02 to 0.28 between the Arabica genotypes, and from 0.49 to 0.60 between the genotypes of the two species in the joint analysis. Four groups were formed: I = genotypes of C. arabica, II = four progenies of C. canephora, Conilon group, and one non defined C. canephora (Conilon or Robusta), III = one progeny of un-defined C. canephora (Conilon or Robusta) and IV = one progeny of C. canephora of Robusta group. The grouping formed was consistent with the origins of each group. High stabilities of the bifurcations were found by bootstrap analysis. The use of molecular markers of the SSR and ISSR types in the diversity study was efficient in distinguishing genotypes between and within C. arabica and C. canephora.Item Stability of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity of regular and decaffeinated coffees(Instituto de Tecnologia do Paraná - Tecpar, 2014-01) Vicente, Silvio José Valadão; Queiroz, Yara Severino; Gotlieb, Sabina Léa Davidson; Torres, Elizabeth Aparecida Ferraz da SilvaThis study compared the regular and decaffeinated coffees in relation to antioxidant capacity, levels of some antioxidant molecules and stability of these parameters over a six-month period under different storage conditions. The regular coffee samples analyzed right after the industrial production showed higher antioxidant capacity (ORAC and DPPH), the same levels of phenolic compounds and higher levels of phenolic acids than decaffeinated coffee. After six months, the closed packs of both the grades kept under vacuum at 20°C did not show significant changes from the initial results; the open packs stored at 4°C showed small but statistically significant reductions and the open packs stored at 20°C showed higher and statistically significant losses (p < 0.05). Oxygen was the most important factor for these losses but temperature also played an important role. Tests showed that the storage conditions were very important to preserve the quality of coffees regarding the analyzed parameters.Item Coffee berry borer resistance in coffee genotypes(Instituto de Tecnologia do Paraná - Tecpar, 2010-03) Sera, Gustavo Hiroshi; Sera, Tumoru; Ito, Dhalton Shiguer; Ribeiro Filho, Claudionor; Villacorta, Amador; Kanayama, Fabio Seidi; Alegre, Clayton Ribeiro; Grossi, Leandro DelThe aim of this study was to evaluate the coffee germplasm of the Paraná Agronomic Institute (IAPAR) for resistance to the coffee-berry-borer. Preliminary field evaluation was performed in August 2004 and the fruits of less damaged genotypes in the field were evaluated under controlled condition with obligated and free choice experiments established in a randomized complete design with three replications. The genotypes were evaluated fifteen days after infestation with one borer per fruit in Petri dishes. The data were analyzed by the Scott-Knott means test at 1 % and by the χ 2 test. Statistical analysis indicated that Coffea kapakata, Psilanthus bengalensis, C. eugenioides and genotypes with C. eugenioides genes were resistant. These genotypes presented low frequency of bored grains. C. eugenioides and C. kapakata could present resistance at epicarp level but not in the grain. P. bengalensis could present resistance also in the grains.Item Characterization of the biomass of a hybrid anaerobic reactor (HAR) with two types of support material during the treatment of the coffee wastewater(Instituto de Tecnologia do Paraná - Tecpar, 2013-05) Silva, Vivian Galdino da; Campos, Cláudio Milton Montenegro; Pereira, Erlon Lopes; Silva, Júlia Ferreira daThis study investigated the microbiology of a hybrid anaerobic reactor (HAR) in the removal of pollutant loads. This reactor had the same physical structure of an UASB reactor, however with minifilters inside containing two types of support material: expanded clay and gravel. Two hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 24h and 18h were evaluated at steady-state conditions, resulting in organic loading rates (OLR) of 0.032 and 0.018 kgDBO 5 m -3 d -1 and biological organic loading rates (BOLR) of 0,0015 and 0.001 kgDBO 5 kgSVT -1 d -1 , respectively. The decrease in concentration of organic matter in the influent resulted an endogenous state of the biomass in the reactor. The expanded clay was the best support material for biofilm attachment.Item Rust resistance in arabic coffee cultivars in northern Paraná(Instituto de Tecnologia do Paraná - Tecpar, 2013-01) Grossi, Leandro Del; Sera, Tumoru; Sera, Gustavo Hiroshi; Fonseca, Inês Cristina de Batista; Ito, Dhalton Shiguer; Shigueoka, Luciana Harumi; Andreazi, ElderThe objective of the study was to evaluate the resistance to rust in coffee cultivars developed by research institutes of Brazil in Paraná state. Resistance to the local leaf rust races was assessed in high disease intensity field conditions at Londrina and Congonhinhas in 2009 and 2010. The cultivars were developed by the EPAMIG/UFV, IAPAR, IAC and MAPA/Procafé. The resistant standard ‘IAPAR 59' and the susceptible standards Catuaí Vermelho IAC 144' and 'Bourbon Amarelo' were used. A randomized block design with three replications and plots with 10 plants was used. A scale from 1 to 5 based on the rust intensity was used to evaluate the resistance. The Catiguá MG 1, Catiguá MG 2, IAPAR 59, IPR 98, IPR 104, Palma II, Paraíso H-419-10-6-2-5-1, Paraíso H-419- 10-6-2-10-1, Paraíso H-419-10-6-2-12-1, Pau Brasil MG 1 and Sacramento MG 1 cultivars presented complete resistance to rust at Londrina and Congonhinhas. The cultivars derived from the Catucaí germplasm were susceptible or showed different levels of partial resistance. Partial resistance to the rust was observed in several coffees derived from “Hibrido de Timor”. 'Acauã' and 'Obatã IAC 1669-20' presented complete resistance at Londrina, but at Congonhinhas, they were partially resistant, indicating that different rust races have occurred at these two locations.Item Comparison of high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detector and with tandem mass spectrometry methods for detection and quantification of ochratoxin a in green and roasted coffee beans(Instituto de Tecnologia do Paraná - Tecpar, 2013-11) Bandeira, Raquel Duarte da Costa Cunha; Uekane, Thais Matsue; Cunha, Carolina Passos da; Rodrigues, Janaina Marques; Cruz, Marcus Henrique Campino de la; Godoy, Ronoel Luiz de Oliveira; Fioravante, Andreia de LimaTwo analytical methods for the determination and confirmation of ochratoxin A (OTA) in green and roasted coffee samples were compared. Sample extraction and clean-up were based on liquid–liquid phase extraction and immunoaffinity column. The detection of OTA was carried out with the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) combined either with fluorescence detection (FLD), or positive electrospray ionization (ESI+) coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (MS–MS). The results obtained with the LC-ESI-MS/MS were specific and more sensitive, with the advantages in terms of unambiguous analyte identification, when compared with the HPLC-FLD.Item Production, composition, fatty acids profile and stability of milk and blood composition of dairy cows fed high polyunsaturated fatty acids diets and sticky coffee hull(Instituto de Tecnologia do Paraná - Tecpar, 2014-07) Santos, Geraldo Tadeu dos; Schogor, Ana Luiza Bachmann; Romero, Jakeline Vieira; Lima, Luciano Soares de; Pintro, Paula Toshimi Matumoto-; Grande, Paula Adriana; Kazama, Daniele Cristina da Silva; Santos, Fabio Seiji dosFour lactating Holstein cows were assigned to a 4 × 4 Latin square design to determine the effects of feeding sticky coffee hull (SCH) as a source of antioxidants on dairy cows fed with high PUFA diets. The treatments (on DM basis) were control diet, diet with 30 g/kg of soybean oil, diet with 30 g/kg of soybean oil and 100 g/kg of SCH, and diet with 30 g/kg of soybean oil and 150 g/kg of SCH. Inclusion of 150 g/kg of SCH decreased the crude protein digestibility. Lower values of NDF digestibility were also observed when cows were fed with 100 g/kg and 150g/kg of SCH. The digestibility of NDT was lower in the control and 150 g/kg of SCH diets. Milk production and composition did not differ among the treatments. Inclusion of SCH increased the total polyphenols and flavonoids in the milk and reducing power as well. Soybean oil and SCH supplementation increased the LDL and total cholesterol concentration in the plasma. Milk fatty acid profile was barely altered by the treatments. In conclusion, the results confirmed that SCH added up to 15% in the diet did not alter milk production, improved its stability, and incorporated antioxidants substances in the milk, improving its quality for human health.Item Influence of integral and decaffeinated coffee brews on metabolic parameters of rats fed with hiperlipidemic diets(Instituto de Tecnologia do Paraná - Tecpar, 2013-09) Gomes, Júlia Ariana de Souza; Faria, Bruno Generoso; Silva, Viviam de Oliveira; Zangerônimo, Márcio Gilberto; Miranda, José Rafael; Lima, Adriene Ribeiro de; Pereira, Rosemary Gualberto Fonseca Alvarenga; Pereira, Luciano JoséThe objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of integral and decaffeinated coffee brews (Coffea arabica L and C. canephora Pierre) on the metabolic parameters of rats fed with hyperlipidemic diet. Thirty male Wistar rats (initial weight of 270 g ± 20 g) were used in the study, which were divided into six groups five each. The treatments were normal diet, hyperlipidemic diet, hyperlipidemic diet associated with integral coffee arabica or canephora brews (7.2 mL/kg/day) and hyperlipidemic diet associated to decaffeinated arabica, or canephora brews, using the same dosage. After 41 days, performance analyses were conducted.The rats were then euthanized and the carcasses were used for the analysis of dried ether extract and crude protein. Fractions of adipose tissue were processed for histological analysis. There was a reduction in weight gain and accumulation of lipids in the carcasses, lower diameter of adipocytes and a lower relative weight of the liver and kidneys of rats fed with hyperlipidemic diet associated with integral coffee brew. Integral coffee brew reduced the obesity in the rats receiving hyperlipidemic diet, but the same effect did not occur with the decaffeinated types.