Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://thoth.dti.ufv.br/handle/123456789/9883
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Item Soil chemical properties and nutrition of conilon coffee fertilized with molybdenum and nitrogen(Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, 2021-11-22) Rosado, Thiago Lopes; Freitas, Marta Simone Mendonça; Carvalho, Almy Junior Cordeiro de; Gontijo, Ivoney; Pires, André Assis; Vieira, Henrique Duarte; Barcellos, RonildoMolybdenum (Mo) availability is strongly affected by soil pH, which determines the dynamics of electrical charges and the adsorption of molybdate. This study evaluated the effects of nitrogen (N) and Mo application on the chemical properties of a Latossolo Amarelo (Oxisol) and in Coffea canephora nutrition and productivity throughout two productive cycles under field conditions. The experiment was conducted from June 2018 to May 2020. The experimental design used was in randomized blocks, in a 2 × 5 factorial scheme, the first factor being the absence and presence (4 kg ha-1 yr-1) of molybdic fertilization and the second factor was the N dose (300, 500, 700, 900, and 1,100 kg ha-1 yr-1). At the end of each production cycle, soil samples were collected to evaluate the pH(H2O), pH(KCl), exchangeable aluminum, potential acidity, organic matter, and Mo, at layers of 0.00-0.20 and 0.20-0.40 m. Leaves were sampled from the coffee tree to determine Mo and N contents and the coffee beans were harvested to evaluate the yield of processed coffee. The results showed that urea has a high potential for soil acidification, influencing the values of exchangeable aluminum, potential acidity, and ∆pH, at layers of 0.00-0.20 and 0.20-0.40 m. The decrease in pH caused by increasing doses of N increased the density of positive electrical charges of the soil and reduced Mo content in the leaves of C. canephora by 67 %. The application of sodium molybdate via soil was efficient in providing Mo to Conilon coffee and provided a 3.7 % increase in the yield of processed coffee. Nevertheless, molybdic fertilization did not influence the Mo content in the soil in the evaluations carried out at the end of each production cycle.Item Spatial patterns of preconsolidation pressure and soil moisture along transects in two directions under coffee(Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, 2011-07) Gontijo, Ivoney; Dias Junior, Moacir de Souza; Guimarães, Paulo Tácito Gontijo; Oliveira, Marcelo Silva de; Ajayi, Ayodele EbenezerInformation on the spatial structure of soil physical and structural properties is needed to evaluate the soil quality. The purpose of this study was to investigate the spatial behavior of preconsolidation pressure and soil moisture in six transects, three selected along and three across coffee rows, at three different sites under different tillage management systems. The study was carried out on a farm, in Patrocinio, state of Minas Gerais, in the Southeast of Brazil (18 o 59 ’ 15 ’’ S; 46 o 56 ’ 47 ’’ W; 934 m asl). The soil type is a typic dystrophic Red Latosol (Acrustox) and consists of 780 g kg -1 clay; 110 g kg -1 silt and 110 g kg -1 sand, with an average slope of 3 %. Undisturbed soil cores were sampled at a depth of 0.10–0.13 m, at three different points within the coffee plantation: (a) from under the wheel track, where equipment used in farm operations passes; (b) in - between tracks and (c) under the coffee canopy. Six linear transects were established in the experimental area: three transects along and three across the coffee rows. This way, 161 samples were collected in the transect across the coffee rows, from the three locations, while 117 samples were collected in the direction along the row. The shortest sampling distance in the transect across the row was 4 m, and 0.5 m for the transect along the row. No clear patterns of the preconsolidation pressure values were observed in the 200 m transect. The results of the semivariograms for both variables indicated a high nugget value and short range for the studied parameters of all transects. A cyclic pattern of the parameters was observed for the across-rows transect. An inverse relationship between preconsolidation pressure and soil moisture was clearly observed in the samples from under the track, in both directions.Item Atributos físico-hídricos de um latossolo de cerrado em diferentes posições de amostragem na lavoura cafeeira(Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, 2008-11) Gontijo, Ivoney; Dias Junior, Moacir de Souza; Guimarães, Paulo Tácito Gontijo; Araujo-Junior, Cezar FranciscoA compactação do solo, ocasionada por diferentes intensidades de tráfego, pode provocar danos à estrutura do solo, limitando a produção em lavouras cafeeiras. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver modelos de capacidade de suporte de carga para um Latossolo sob Cerrado, cultivado com cafeeiros, bem como investigar os efeitos do manejo da lavoura cafeeira na distribuição de poros e na retenção de água, em diferentes posições na lavoura cafeeira. O estudo foi realizado em um Latossolo Vermelho distrófico típico localizado nas coordenadas de 18 ° 59 ’ 15 ’’ S e 46 °56 ’ 47 ’’ W, cultivado com cafeeiros (Coffea arabica L.) em espaçamento de 4 x 1 m, implantado no ano de 1995 no município de Patrocínio, MG. As diferentes posições de amostragem na lavoura cafeeira foram: projeção da saia (PS), linha de tráfego (LT) e centro da entrelinha (EL). Além disso, amostras indeformadas também foram coletadas na mata nativa (MN) para obter os modelos de capacidade de suporte de carga. Em cada posição de amostragem foram coletadas amostras deformadas e indeformadas na profundidade de 10–13 cm, para avaliação dos σ p ), umidade seguintes atributos físico-hídricos: pressão de preconsolidação (σ gravimétrica (U), densidade do solo (Ds), porosidade total (PT), macroporosidade (Ma), microporosidade (Mi), curva de retenção de água no solo, teor de matéria orgânica (MO), textura, densidade de partículas e limites de liquidez, plasticidade e contração. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que a capacidade de suporte de carga do Latossolo decresceu na seguinte ordem: LT > MN = PS > EL. O solo sob a posição EL foi mais suscetível à compactação em virtude da menor capacidade de suporte de carga, devido a uma subsolagem realizada meses antes da amostragem, reduzindo a sua resistência mecânica. O solo sob MN e a PS apresentaram mesma capacidade de suporte de carga, indicando a manutenção de uma estrutura favorável para o crescimento do sistema radicular do cafeeiro. A água disponível foi maior para o solo nas posições EL e PS e menor para a LT e MN; o solo sob a LT mantém maior microporosidade em relação à EL desestruturada pela subsolagem.Item Sampling design of soil physical properties in a conilon coffee field(Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, 2017) Santos, Eduardo Oliveira de Jesus; Gontijo, Ivoney; Silva, Marcelo Barreto da; Partelli, Fábio LuizEstablishing the number of samples required to determine values of soil physical properties ultimately results in optimization of labor and allows better representation of such attributes. The objective of this study was to analyze the spatial variability of soil physical properties in a Conilon coffee field and propose a soil sampling method better attuned to conditions of the management system. The experiment was performed in a Conilon coffee field in Espírito Santo state, Brazil, under a 3.0 × 2.0 × 1.0 m (4,000 plants ha -1 ) double spacing design. An irregular grid, with dimensions of 107 × 95.7 m and 65 sampling points, was set up. Soil samples were collected from the 0.00-0.20 m depth from each sampling point. Data were analyzed under descriptive statistical and geostatistical methods. Using statistical parameters, the adequate number of samples for analyzing the attributes under study was established, which ranged from 1 to 11 sampling points. With the exception of particle density, all soil physical properties showed a spatial dependence structure best fitted to the spherical model. Establishment of the number of samples and spatial variability for the physical properties of soils may be useful in developing sampling strategies that minimize costs for farmers within a tolerable and predictable level of error.Item Micronutrient accumulation in conilon coffee berries with different maturation cycles(Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, 2015-09) Marré, Wellington Braida; Partelli, Fábio Luiz; Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Dias, Jairo Rafael Machado; Gontijo, Ivoney; Vieira, Henrique DuarteThe number of days between anthesis and maturation of conilon coffee berries varies according to the genotype. Thus, it is believed that periods of greater nutrient demand for fruit formation also vary according to the genotype, directly influencing fertilizer management. The goal of this study was to establish accumulation curves for the micronutrients boron, copper, iron, manganese, and zinc in conilon coffee trees with different maturation cycles. The experiment was conducted in Nova Venécia, State of Espírito Santo, Brazil, during the reproductive cycle of the 2010/2011 crop year. Four coffee genotypes with different maturation cycles (early, intermediate, late, and super-late) were studied. A completely randomized experimental design was used with five replications. The treatments correspond to the accumulation of B, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn in the berries every 28 days in the period from flowering to harvest. The early, intermediate, and late genotypes accumulated Fe, Cu, and Mn in a similar manner, with sigmoid curves, whereas the super-late genotype accumulated these nutrients exponentially. Zn was accumulated by all four genotypes following a sigmoid curve. The early, intermediate, and late genotypes accumulated B linearly, whereas the super-late genotype accumulated B following a sigmoid curve. The maturation cycle of the genotype must be taken into account to apply the correct rate of micronutrient fertilization in coffee plantations.