Biblioteca do Café
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Item Selection for frost resistance in Coffea arabica progenies carrying C. liberica var. dewevrei genes(Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology, 2005) Petek, Marcos Rafael; Sera, Tumoru; Alteia, Marcos ZorzenonThis research was carried out to estimate the variability and genetic parameters for the development of cultivars more frost resistant in Coffea arabica progenies, carrying C. liberica var. dewevrei genes. There is genetic variability for frost resistance in progenies with C. liberica var. dewevrei genes. The rust resistance, vegetative vigor and yield potential should be considered when developing cultivars adapted to frost occurrence areas. Cultivars with yield precocity such as IAPAR 59, that allows a faster recovery yield after a severe frost, minimizing the damage from the phenomenon. The use of index selection is efficient to select simultaneously progenies with greater frost adaptation, vegetative vigor, rust resistance and yield.Item Resistance to bacterial halo blight in Arabica coffee lines derivative from the genotype C1195-5-6-2 under natural infection conditions(Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology, 2018) Andreazi, Elder; Sera, Gustavo Hiroshi; Sera, Tumoru; Fonseca, Inês Cristina de Batista; Shigueoka, Luciana Harumi; Santos, Willian Gabriel dos; Pereira, Carlos Theodoro MottaThe aim of this study was to identify resistance to bacterial halo blight in Arabica coffee lines carrying Coffea racemosa genes. Eighteen Arabica coffee lines derivative from the genotype C1195-5-6-2, and the cultivars IAPAR 59 and IPR 99 were evaluated for resistance to bacterial halo blight in two trials carried out in field conditions, in Londrina, PR, Brazil. The cultivars Mundo Novo IAC 376-4 and Catuaí Vermelho IAC 81 were included as susceptible controls. Ten lines and the cultivar IAPAR 59 showed resistance to bacterial halo blight. The cultivar IPR 99 presented intermediate reaction, and the controls were very susceptible. This is the first study to show that lines derivative from the genotype C1195-5-6-2, which has C. racemosa genes, could be a source of resistance to bacterial halo blight in coffee breeding programs.Item Genotypic variability of rooting capacity in Coffea arabica L. cuttings(Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology, 2002) Sera, Tumoru; Fadelli, SérgioCutting propagation of coffee trees has been used for several years in Coffea canephora because of the advantages of this technique compared to seed propagation. Recently, the production of heterotic arabic coffee hybrid genotypes increased the importance of conventional and biotechnological cloning also for C. arabica. Two experiments were carried out to assess cutting rooting of several C. arabica genotypes. In greater detail, the potential of two types of cutting of several hybrid genotypes compared to C. canephora genotypes was investigated. The experiment was carried out under shading with automatic misting in boxes of partially burnt rice husks during the summer months. There is genetic variability for cutting rooting capacity among the C. arabica genotypes. The F1 hybrids tended to perform better than the lines. Single-node soft-wood cuttings were superior to the tip cuttings. Selection only for cutting rooting characteristics and useable cuttings resulted in efficient selection especially among single-node soft-wood cuttings. In spite of the large observed difference between the cutting production of C. arabica and C. canephora, in some cases C. arabica genotypes can be obtained with rooting performance very close that observed in C. canephora.Item Coffee Genetic Breeding at IAPAR(Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology, 2001) Sera, TumoruThis paper introduces the coffee genetic breeding research program developed by IAPAR (Agronomic Institute of Paraná, Brazil) which started in 1973. The characteristics of a breeding program for a seed-propagated perennial plant with a biennial production and the difficulties in assessing yield and longevity due to the time limitations they impose on the development and release of commercial cultivars are presented. A concise diagnosis of the arabica coffee crop in the region and the cultivar management and developmental strategies and priorities within the “IAPAR Model for dense population coffee crop” are detailed. The advances in cultivar development and management, integrated with other technologies for the solution of main problems are discussed and, an array of alternative procedures, techniques, methods and strategies to reduce the coffee cultivar development time from 24 to 12 years are proposed.Item Genetic polymorphism among 14 elite Coffea arabica L. cultivars using RAPD markers associated with restriction digestion(Sociedade Brasileira de Genética, 2003) Sera, Tumoru; Ruas, Paulo Maurício; Ruas, Claudete de Fátima; Diniz, Leandro Eugênio Cardamone; Carvalho, Valdemar de Paula; Rampim, Leandro; Ruas, Eduardo Augusto; Silveira, Sheila Recepute daKnowledge of the genetic variability among genotypes is important for the transfer of useful genes and to maximize the use of available germplasm resources. This study was carried out to assess the genetic variability of 14 elite Coffea arabica cultivars using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) associated with a prior digestion of genomic DNA with restriction endonucleases. The accessions were obtained from the Coffea collection maintained at the Instituto Agronômico do Paraná (IAPAR), located in Londrina, Paraná, Brazil. Twenty-four informative RAPD primers, used in association with restriction enzymes, yielded 330 reproducible and scorable DNA bands, of which 224 (68%) were polymorphic. The amplified products were used to estimate the genetic variability using Dice’s similarity coefficient. The data matrix was converted to a dendrogram and a three-dimensional plot using principal coordinate analysis. The accessions studied were separated into clusters in a manner that was consistent with the known pedigree. The associations obtained in the dendrogram and in the principal coordinate analysis plot suggest the probable origin of the Kattimor cultivar. The RAPD technique associated with restriction digestion was proved to be a useful tool for genetic characterization of C. arabica genotypes making an important contribution to the application of molecular markers to coffee breeding.Item Genetic relationship in Coffea species and parentage determination of interspecific hybrids using ISSR (Inter- Simple Sequence Repeat) markers(Sociedade Brasileira de Genética, 2003) Ruas, Paulo M.; Ruas, Claudete F.; Rampim, Leandro; Carvalho, Valdemar P.; Ruas, Eduardo A.; Sera, TumoruInter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were used to evaluate genetic divergence among eight Coffea species and to identify the parentage of six interspecific hybrids. A total of 14 primers which contained different simple sequence repeats (SSR) were used as single primers or combined in pairs and tested for PCR amplifications. Two hundred and thirty highly reproducible fragments were amplified, which were then used to estimate the genetic similarity and to cluster the Coffea species and hybrids. High levels of interspecific genetic variation were revealed. The dinucleotide motif (GA)9T combined with other di- tri- and tetra-nucleotides produced a greater number of DNA fragments, mostly polymorphics, suggesting a high frequency of the poly GA microsatellite motifs in the Coffea genomes. The genetic similarity ranged from 0.25 between C. racemosa and C. liberica var. dewevrei to 0.86 between C. arabica var. arabica and Hybrid N. 2. The C. arabica species shared most of its markers with five of the six hybrids suggesting that it is the most likely candidate as one of the progenitors of those hybrids. These results revealed that ISSR markers could be efficiently used for genetic differentiation of the Coffea species and to identify the parentage of Coffea interspecific hybrids.Item Assessment of genetic variability within and among coffee progenies and cultivars using RAPD markers(Sociedade Brasileira de Genética, 2003) Silveira, Sheila Recepute; Ruas, Paulo Maurício; Ruas, Claudete de Fátima; Sera, Tumoru; Carvalho, Valdemar de Paula; Coelho, Alexandre Siqueira GuedesThe RAPD technique associated with restriction digestion of genomic DNA was used to assess the genetic variability within and among nine populations of Coffea arabica, including six progenies belonging to the Sarchimor germplasm, the progeny PR 77054-40-10 (Catuaí Vermelho IAC 81 x Icatu), and two commercial cultivars (IAPAR 59 and Catuaí Vermelho IAC-81). These populations were evaluated using analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), genetic similarity among progenies, and percentage of polymorphic loci. A total of 99 RAPD markers were evaluated of which 67 (67.67%) were polymorphic. AMOVA showed that 38.5% and 61.5% of the genetic variation was distributed among and within populations, respectively. The fixation index (FST) of the genotypes was 0.385. The mean genetic variability estimated within populations ranged from 15.58 (IAPAR 59) to 8.27 (Catuaí Vermelho IAC 81). A distinct level of genetic variability was revealed for each of the coffee progenies and varieties studied. The methodology used in this investigation was useful to determine the genetic variability within and among C. arabica L. populations providing significant information for coffee breeding.Item IPR 106: new Arabica coffee cultivar, resistant to some Meloidogyne paranaensis and M. incognita nematode populations of Paraná(Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology, 2020) Sera, Gustavo Hiroshi; Machado, Andressa Cristina Zamboni; Ito, Dhalton Shiguer; Shigueoka, Luciana Harumi; Silva, Santino Aleandro da; Sera, TumoruCultivar IPR 106 resulted from a spontaneous hybridization between “Icatu IAC 925” and an unknow dwarf plant. It is a dwarf cultivar with high rusticity, late ripening cycle, large grains, excellent cup quality and resistance to some populations of the nematodes Meloidogyne paranaensis and M. incognita found in the state of Paraná.Item Seleção de linhagens de café arábica derivadas de Icatu IAC 925 x Sarchimor IAC 1669-33 resistentes à ferrugem alaranjada e com ciclos precoce e tardio(Embrapa Café, 2019-10) Pereira, Carlos T. M.; Carducci, Fernando C.; Pereira, Nathan A. N.; Bortolato, Kawana S.; Costa, Cíntia O.; Shigueoka, Luciana H.; Souza, Lorena S. N. de; Sera, Tumoru; Sera, Gustavo H.O objetivo desse estudo foi selecionar linhagens F7 com resistência a ferrugem e com ciclo mais precoce que IPR 100. O experimento em campo foi instalado, em outubro de 2016 no IAPAR em Londrina, PR. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em DBC com quatro repetições e oito plantas por parcela no espaçamento 2,75 x 0,55m. Foram avaliadas 17 linhagens F 7 de Icatu IAC 925 x Sarchimor IAC 1669-33, além de 3 cultivares (IPR 100, IPR 107 e Catuaí Vermelho IAC-99). IPR 107 foi o padrão de resistência à ferrugem, enquanto que IPR 100 e Catuaí foram os padrões de ciclo tardio e suscetível à ferrugem. Em março de 2019, foram avaliadas as variáveis: produtividade (sacas beneficiadas/ha), índice de desenvolvimento vegetativo (IDV), índice de nutrição foliar (INF), ciclo de maturação dos frutos (MAT) e resistência à doença ferrugem alaranjada (FA). Para IDV foi utilizada uma escala de notas de 1 a 10, sendo 1 para plantas raquíticas com troncos e ramos finos e baixa intensidade de ramificações plagiotrópicas e 10 para plantas grandes com troncos e ramos grossos e alta intensidade de ramificações plagiotrópicas. O INF foi avaliado por meio de uma escala de 1 a 10, onde 1 foram plantas com folhas amarelas e 10 para plantas com folhas verde escuras com aspecto brilhante. Para MAT foi utilizada uma escala de 1 a 5, onde 1 foram plantas com ciclo de maturação mais tardio e 5 para as mais precoces. Para FA foi utilizada uma escala de notas de 1 a 5, sendo 1 as plantas mais resistentes e 5 para as mais suscetíveis. Na análise estatística das variáveis, foi aplicado o teste de médias Scott-Knott a 5%. Para produtividade as 17 linhagens não diferiram estatisticamente das variedades comerciais, porém nas variáveis IDV e INF as 17 linhagens foram superiores e diferiram estatisticamente de IPR100, IPR 107 e Catuaí, indicando que provavelmente na próxima safra terão uma produtividade superior. Dessas 17 linhagens, 10 apresentaram resistência a ferrugem, não diferindo estatisticamente do padrão de resistência e 9 linhagens foram mais precoces que o IPR 100 e Catuaí. Foram selecionadas cinco linhagens mais precoces e resistentes à FA, além das quatro de ciclo tardio e resistentes à FA. Essas nove linhagens, apresentaram produtividade similar e maiores IDV e INF quando comparado às cultivares controles, e possuem uma grande chance de serem novas cultivares do tipo linha pura. A linhagem 10 é a que possui o maior potencial e apresentou resistência em homozigose.Item Associação de Pseudomonas syringae pv. garcae com algumas características agronômicas em cafeeiros F2 segregantes para o gene erecta(Editora UFLA, 2004-09) Sera, Gustavo Hiroshi; Sera, Tumoru; Altéia, Marcos Zorzenom; Androcioli Filho, Armando; Azevedo, José Alves de; Petek, Marcos Rafael; Ito, Dhalton ShiguerA bacteriose causada pela Pseudomonas syringae pv. garcae provoca grandes prejuízos em algumas regiões da cafei- cultura brasileira, como Paraná, São Paulo e Minas Gerais, principalmente em lavouras novas, podadas e expostas ao vento. Com este trabalho, objetivou-se estudar nas plantas F 2 do cruzamento entre os genótipos IAPAR-59 e Catuaí Erecta a associação entre as características vigor vegetativo e ângulos de inserção das ramificações plagiotrópicas sobre a intensidade de ocorrência da bacteriose. Avaliaram-se, em outubro de 2001, 316 plantas F 2 plantadas no IAPAR de Londrina em outubro de 1998. A escala de notas de avaliação da incidência de bacteriose adotada foi de 1 a 5, sendo 1 = plantas sem lesão e 5 = plantas com muitas lesões. As notas de vigor vegetativo adotadas foram de 1 a 5, sendo 1 para folhas de coloração verde-claras e 5 para folhas verde- escuras. Para a inserção dos ramos plagiotrópicos sobre os ortotrópicos, as notas variaram de 1 a 3, sendo 1 = normal (45 a 70o), 2 = semi-ereta (25 a 40o) e 3 = ereta (5 a 20o). Estimou-se o coeficiente de correlação de Pearson para verificar a associação entre as características vigor vegetativo e do ângulo de inserção das ramificações plagiotrópicas com a intensidade de ocorrência da bacteriose nos cafeeiros. A correlação estimada entre a intensidade da bacteriose com o ângulo de inserção dos ramos plagiotrópicos foi de r = + 0,2087**. Não houve correlação significativa entre a bacteriose e o vigor vegetativo. Assim, plantas com ramificação plagiotrópica ereta são predispostas a uma maior incidência de bacteriose.