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Item Assessment of leaf anatomic and physiological characteristics and genetic divergence among Coffea arabica L. cultivars in the Brazilian Savanna(Escola de Agronomia - UFG, 2022-01-16) Santos, Cyntia Stephânia dos; Pereira, Fernanda Aparecida Castro; Mauri, Janaína; Viana, Mariana Thereza Rodrigues; Rodrigues, Gustavo Costa; Veiga, Adriano Delly; Bartholo, Gabriel Ferreira; Carvalho, Milene Alves de FigueiredoThe knowledge on cultivars is essential for parental choosing on breeding programs. This research aimed to study the genetic divergence of Coffea arabica L. cultivars from a germoplasm bank of the Embrapa Cerrados, Brazil, for leaf anatomic and physiological characteristics. A total of 23 cultivars were evaluated: Acaiá Cerrado MG1474, Araponga MG1, Catiguá MG1, Catiguá MG2, Catiguá MG3, Catiguá MG3 P4, Catiguá MG3 P5, Catiguá MG3 P7, Catiguá MG3 P9, Catiguá MG3 P23, Catiguá MG3 P51, Catuaí Amarelo IAC 62, Catuaí Vermelho IAC 15, Catuaí Vermelho IAC 81, Catuaí Vermelho IAC 99, Caturra Vermelho MG0187, Guatenano Colis MG0207, Mundo Novo IAC 379-19, Paraíso MG1, Pau Brasil MG1, Sacramento MG1, San Ramon MG0198 and Topázio MG1190. In addition to the genetic divergence, the broad sense heritability and coefficient of genetic and environmental variation were also evaluated. All characteristics showed high coefficients of genetic variation and heritability values greater than 70 %, indicating a predominance of genetic over environmental factors, and that these are characteristics likely to obtain genetic gain. Catiguá MG1, Catiguá MG3 P51 and Topázio MG1190 stood out, with superior gas exchange characteristics. Attributes related to gas exchange were important for cultivar differentiation, demonstrating that they can be used in the early selection of Coffea arabica L. genotypes.Item Agronomic, anatomic and physiological characterization of Coffea arabica L. genotypes on irrigated system in the Central Cerrado(Universidade Federal de Lavras, 2022-12-29) Santos, Cyntia Stephânia dos; Matos, Nagla Maria Sampaio de; Rezende, Tiago Teruel; Mauri, Janaína; Rodrigues, Gustavo Costa; Veiga, Adriano Delly; Bartholo, Gabriel Ferreira; Carvalho, Milene Alves de FigueiredoDue to climatic conditions and the possibility of using machineries, coffee has a potential to achieve high yields with reduced costs, in the biome of Cerrado. Leaf anatomy and physiology can help in the identification of more adapted cultivars to a given environmental condition. The objective is to verify the behavior of Coffea arabica L. genotypes in the Cerrado of the Brazilian Central Plateau through anatomical and physiological characterization and yield. Ten coffee genotypes from the Active Germplasm Bank located in the municipality of Planaltina, Distrito Federal, were evaluated. The genotypes evaluated were: Araponga MG1, Catiguá MG2, Catiguá MG3 P23, Catiguá MG3 P7, Catiguá MG3 P51, Catiguá MG3 P, Catuaí Amarelo IAC 62, Catuaí Vermelho IAC 15, Paraíso MG1 and Topázio MG 1190. The phenotypic characteristics evaluated were the thickness of: adaxial cuticle surface, adaxial and abaxial epidermis surfaces, the palisade and spongy parenchyma, the mesophyll layer, the phloem, number and diameter of the xylem vessels, stomatal density, relationship between the polar and equatorial diameter of the stoma, specific leaf area, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, net photosynthetic rate, water use efficiency, intercellular carbon concentration and yield. Genotypes of Coffea arabica L. presented a distinction between the characteristics evaluated when grown under climatic conditions of the Brazilian Central Plateau Cerrado, highlighting the variations in the behavior and distinguished adaptation in this environment. The Araponga MG1 genotype stood out for anatomical and physiological characteristics of higher values, such as net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular carbon concentration, abaxial and adaxial epidermis thickness, stomatal density and number of xylem vessels. The genotype Paraíso MG1 stands out for higher grain productivity. The genotype Catuaí Vermelho IAC 15 stands out for anatomical and physiological characteristics such as higher stomatal density, greater number of xylem vessels and greater efficiency in water use, resulting in improved productivity.Item Arabica coffee cultivars in different water regimes in the central cerrado region(Editora UFLA, 2019-07) Veiga, Adriano Delly; Rodrigues, Gustavo Costa; Rocha, Omar Cruz; Bartholo, Gabriel Ferreira; Guerra, Antônio Fernando; Silva, Thiago Paulo daPhenotypic characterization of coffee cultivars under an irrigation system, as well as adaptability to controlled water stress, aiming at flowering uniformity, high yield and grain quality, plays an important role in coffee production in the cerrado areas. A field trial was carried out aiming to evaluate the agronomic performance of arabica coffee cultivars under different water regimes, using center pivot irrigation: irrigation throughout the year (WR1); suspended at the end of June for 40 days until leaf water potential reached -1.5 MPa (WR2); suspended at the end of June for 70 days until leaf water potential reached -2.3 MPa (WR3); suspended at the end of June for 100 days until leaf water potential reached -3.4 MPa (WR4); and a non-irrigated regime (WR5). The following traits were analyzed: plant height, stem diameter, canopy projection, number of plagiotropic branches, coffee grain yield, percentage of fruit in the cherry stage, and sieve retention percentages. Higher yield, plant growth, and percentage of fruit in the cherry stage are observed in the water regime with seventy days of controlled water stress (WR3). The Obatã IAC 1669-20 cultivar exhibits high yield and plant growth values in an irrigated system, and Catuaí Amarelo IAC 86 stands out in the non-irrigated system. For these genotypes, the coffee grain yield is most highly correlated with number of reproductive branches.Item Chemical and hydrophysical attributes of an Oxisol under coffee intercropped with brachiaria in the Cerrado(Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Embrapa, 2016-09) Rocha, Omar Cruz; Ramos, Maria Lucrécia Gerosa; Veiga, Adriano Delly; Guerra, Antonio Fernando; Bartholo, Gabriel Ferreira; Rodrigues, Gustavo Costa; Silva, Juliano Escobar daThe objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of irrigation and of the presence of brachiaria (Urochloa decumbens) between coffee (Coffea arabica) rows on coffee yield and on chemical and hydrophysical attributes of a Typic Haplustox. The study was conducted in the Cerrado region in Planaltina, Brasília, DF, Brazil, in a randomized complete block design, arranged in split-split plots, with four replicates. Water regimes (irrigated or rainfed) were assigned to the main plots, inter-row management systems to the subplots, and soil layers to the sub-subplots. The following soil attributes were determined: total organic carbon, total nitrogen, C/N ratio, carbon and nitrogen stocks, bulk density, aggregate stability, total porosity, macroporosity, low-retention microporosity, remaining microporosity, criptoporosity, and total and readily-available water, besides coffee yield. Irrigation of coffee plants, associated with brachiaria intercropped as a cover crop, increased coffee yield and favored chemical and hydrophysical soil attributes, improving soil structure and its ability to store water. Irrigation favors organic carbon stocks in the upper soil layers, whereas brachiaria favors soil physical attributes related to water availability to coffee.Item Agronomic performance and adaptability of arabic coffee resistant to leaf rust in the central brasilian savanna(Editora UFLA, 2018-01) Veiga, Adriano Delly; Rocha, Omar Cruz; Guerra, Antônio Fernando; Bartholo, Gabriel Ferreira; Rodrigues, Gustavo Costa; Pereira, Welington; Silva, Thiago Paulo da; Silva, Evandro Ribeiro daBreeding programs and later indication of rust resistant cultivars for different environments and crops systems, in the concept of diseases integrated control, reach out for productivity raising and reduced production costs. The aim of this work was to evaluate the agronomic performance and adaptability of new Coffea arabica cultivars and progenies resistant to leaf rust in Central Brazilian Savanna. The experiment has been conducted since 2008 in an experimental area of Embrapa Hortaliças. Twenty three resistant cultivars, four progenies and three susceptible cultivars as controls, were assessed in a complete randomized block design with four replicates. The following traits were analyzed: plant height, stem diameter, canopy projection, number of plagiotropic branches, yield, grains percentage retained in sieves above 17, grain ripening and diseases resistance. Catucaí 2SL, Sacramento and Araponga stood out in vegetative growth. The highest yields are observed for IPR 103, Obatã 1669-20, Palma II, Sabiá 398 and Acauã, with values higher than 60 sacks per hectare. Among all these cultivars is observed high resistance to rust leaf and greater susceptibility to brown eye spot in the cultivar Acauã, for the place and period of evaluation.Item Regimes hídricos e doses de fósforo em cafeeiro(Instituto Agronômico (IAC), 2009-04) Mera, Ana Carolina; Oliveira, Carlos Alberto da Silva; Guerra, Antônio Fernando; Rodrigues, Gustavo CostaO trabalho objetivou estudar os crescimentos vegetativo e reprodutivo e a produtividade de cafeeiro sob três regimes hídricos e quatro doses de adubação fosfatada, no segundo ano após a poda, em solo de Cerrado. A cultivar utilizada foi a Catuaí Rubi MG 1192, Coffea arabica L., com 7.143 plantas ha-1. Os regimes hídricos aplicados foram: sem suspensão da irrigação, feita o ano todo (I); e a partir de 24/6/07, com suspensão da irrigação por 70 dias (SI70); e com suspensão da irrigação por 109 dias (SI109). Os tratamentos SI70 e SI109 foram interrompidos por uma chuva de 12 mm (1.º/10/07), que visualmente induziu a floração. As quatro doses anuais de adubação fosfatada foram: 0 (P0), 100 (P100), 200 (P200) e 400 (P400) kg de P2O5 ha-1. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos completos ao acaso com o regime hídrico na parcela e a dose de fósforo na subparcela, com três repetições. As doses de fósforo (P200) e (P400) proporcionaram aumento no comprimento e área foliar de ramos, número de frutos e na produtividade de grãos. Os regimes hídricos SI70 e SI109 proporcionaram as maiores porcentagens de frutos cereja e a maior e menor produtividade de grãos respectivamente.Item Análise da expressão do gene manose 6 fosfato redutase em cafeeiros submetidos ao déficit hídrico(Editora UFLA, 2013-01) Freire, Luciana Pereira; Marraccini, Pierre; Rodrigues, Gustavo Costa; Andrade, Alan CarvalhoOs efeitos do déficit hídrico sobre a expressão do gene CaM6PR, codificando a manose-6-fosfato redutase, foram avaliados em cafeeiros em fase de formação das cultivares IAPAR59 (Villa Sarchi x hibrido de Timor HT832/2) e RUBI MG 1192 (Mundo Novo x Catuaí) de Coffea arabica, consideradas respectivamente como tolerante e sensível ao estresse hídrico. As cultivares foram plantadas em dezembro de 2007 no campo experimental da Embrapa Cerrados – DF (CPAC) e cultivadas durante dois anos (2008 e 2009) com (I) e sem (NI) irrigação. Para cada ano, foram realizadas duas avaliações (P1, não estressado, durante a estação chuvosa e P2, estação seca). Para as duas cultivares, a expressão do gene CaM6PR foi medido em folhas por meio da técnica de PCR quantitativa, apresentou um forte aumento na estação seca para as plantas não irrigadas em comparação com as plantas irrigadas. Além disso, a expressão desse gene sempre foi maior no IAPAR59 que no RUBI MG 1192. Também, observou-se uma maior expressão desse gene no ano de 2008, quando comparada ao ano de 2009. Essa diferença poderia ser uma consequência direta dos níveis de estresse hídrico recebidos pelas plantas, já que as condições da seca em 2008 foram mais severas do que no ano de 2009. Assim,nesse trabalho, propõe-se o uso do gene CaM6PR como marcador molecular, para avaliar o nível de estresse das plantas cafeeiras submetidas ao déficit hídrico.Item Analysis of the mannose 6 phosphate reductase gene expression in coffee trees submitted to water deficit(Editora UFLA, 2013-01) Freire, Luciana Pereira; Marraccini, Pierre Roger; Rodrigues, Gustavo Costa; Andrade, Alan CarvalhoThe effects of water deficit on the gene CaM6PR expression, encoding mannose -6- phosphate reductase, were evaluated in coffee trees in the formation phase of coffee cultivars IAPAR59 (Villa Sarchi x Timor hybrid HT832 / 2) and RUBI MG 1192 (Mundo Novo x Catuaí) of Coffea arabica, respectively regarded as tolerant and sensitive to water stress. The cultivars were planted in December 2007 in the experimental field of Embrapa Cerrados - DF (CPAC) and cultured for two years (2008 and 2009) with (I) and without (NI) irrigation. For each year two assessments were carried out (P1 , not stressed, during the rainy season and P2 , dry season). For both cultivars, the CaM6PR gene expression measured in leaves through quantitative PCR, showed a strong increase in the dry season for non-irrigated plants when compared with irrigated plants. In addition, the expression of this gene was always greater in IAPAR59 than in RUBI MG 1192. Also, there was an increased expression of this gene in 2008 when compared to 2009. This difference could be a direct consequence of drought stress levels received by plants, since drought conditions in 2008 were more severe than in 2009. Thus, in this work, we propose the use of the CaM6PR gene as a molecular marker to evaluate the stress level of the coffee plants submitted to water deficit.